Floating storage and offloading terminal at Ras Isa (nonfiction)

A floating storage and offloading (FSO) terminal off the coast of Ras Isa, Yemen, has been sitting idle and abandoned since 2019.

The FSO is large, permanently anchored supertanker, used to transfer petroleum to and from supertankers. By July 2019, news agencies were reporting that the FSO is loaded with oil and threatening a major environmental disaster.

The decaying SAFER FSO tanker contains an estimated 1.1 million barrels of oil and has been moored and left without maintenance near the Yemeni port of Ras Isa for several years, according to the UN.

CNN report

CNN posted an article on the abandoned tanker on July 23, 2019:

An abandoned tanker loaded with oil is threatening a major environmental disaster near the coast of Yemen, the United Nations has said, amid expert warnings of a "catastrophic" explosion.
The decaying SAFER FSO tanker contains an estimated 1.1 million barrels of oil and has been moored and left without maintenance near the Yemeni port of Ras Isa for several years, according to the UN.
Mark Lowcock, the UN undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs, told the UN Security Council last week that the agency was planning to deploy an assessment team to the tanker this week, but was not able to secure the necessary permits.
He said the Houthi authorities that control the region "continue to delay" the assessment, despite the fact that they themselves asked the UN for assistance early last year.
The tanker has been stranded since 2015 and could be extremely dangerous.
"Because the engines haven't been running, the inert gases that are pumped into the storage tanks to stop the build-up of explosive gases from the stored oil haven't been topped up, which is why there are worries about a catastrophic explosion," Doug Weir, research and policy director at the UK-based Conflict and Environment Observatory, told CNN.
The aging tanker had been converted into a floating storage platform before the war in Yemen started.
It would normally transfer Yemeni oil from the Ras Isa port into other tankers for shipment. However, the military conflict between the Houthi rebels and the government backed by the Saudi-led coalition has put a stop to oil trade in the country, shuttering its pipelines and ports. The cargo that is stuck on board the ship could be worth more than $60 million, based on current oil prices.
According to the Houthi-run Al-Masirah news agency, the Houthi government has previously demanded safeguards from the UN that it would be able to sell any oil extracted from the vessel, something that is currently impossible because of international sanctions.
Lowcock has said that depending on the time of year and water currents, a spill from the tanker could reach from Bab el Mandeb to the Suez Canal -- and potentially as far as the Strait of Hormuz.
"I leave it to you to imagine the effect of such a disaster on the environment, shipping lanes and the global economy," he said in a speech to the Security Council.

-- "Decaying tanker near Yemeni coast threatens 'catastrophic explosion'" by Ivana Kottasová; CNN's Kristina Sgueglia also contributed.

Independent report

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/oil-tanker-yemen-spill-red-sea-houthi-tanker-a9017586.html

Dr Ian Ralby, a maritime and security expert who heads up I R Consilium that researched the tanker, said that according to his sources in Yemen the last time inert gasses were inserted into the chambers of the vessel was in June 2017.
He said in April chunks of the vessel started to come off due to corrosion, meaning the vessel could be vulnerable to splitting in two.
Calling it a “massive floating incendiary” he warned that if it did explode, it would create an environmental catastrophe that would stretch past Yemen’s shores, to Saudi Arabia and as far as Eritrea, Sudan and even Egypt.
He added the tanker itself was connected to the Ras Isa-Marib pipeline which he said contained an additional 1 million barrels of crude which could also potentially spill into the sea.
“You’re talking about one of the largest oil spills in history,” he told The Independent.