November 10

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  1565: Theologian, astronomer, astrologer, and Archbishop of Uppsala Laurentius Paulinus Gothus born.

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  1697: Satirist, painter, illustrator, and critic William Hogarth born. His work will range from realistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures called "modern moral subjects".

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  1829: Mathematician and physicist Elwin Bruno Christoffel born. He will introduce fundamental concepts of differential geometry, opening the way for the development of tensor calculus, which will later provide the mathematical basis for general relativity.

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  1963: Computer scientist Klara Dan von Neumann dies. She was one of the world's first computer programmers and coders, solving mathematical problems using computer code.

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  2003: Mathematician and logician Hans Hermes dies. Hermes contributed to the foundations of mathematical logic; he was also a pioneer of the Turing machine as the central concept of predictability.