Mars 2 (nonfiction)
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The Mars 2 was an unmanned space probe mission to Mars launched by the Soviet Union May 19, 1971 using using Proton-K heavy launch rocket with a Blok D upper stage. The identical Mars 3 spacecraft was launched nine days later.
The Mars 2 and Mars 3 spacecraft used identical designs: a 4MV bus/orbiter based on the Venera 9 design.
The lander of Mars 2 became the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars, although the landing system failed and the lander was lost.
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