Template:Selected anniversaries/May 18: Difference between revisions

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File:Omar Khayyam.jpg|link=Omar Khayyam (nonfiction)|1048: Polymath, scholar, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and poet [[Omar Khayyam (nonfiction)|Omar Khayyám]] born.
File:Omar Khayyam.jpg|link=Omar Khayyam (nonfiction)|1048: Polymath, scholar, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and poet [[Omar Khayyam (nonfiction)|Omar Khayyám]] born.


||1302 – Bruges Matins, the nocturnal massacre of the French garrison in Bruges by members of the local Flemish militia.
||1302: Bruges Matins, the nocturnal massacre of the French garrison in Bruges by members of the local Flemish militia.


||1593 – Playwright Thomas Kyd's accusations of heresy lead to an arrest warrant for Christopher Marlowe.
||1593: Playwright Thomas Kyd's accusations of heresy lead to an arrest warrant for Christopher Marlowe.


||1610 – Stefano della Bella, Italian engraver and etcher (d. 1664)
||1610: Stefano della Bella born ... engraver and etcher.


File:William Oughtred.jpg|link=William Oughtred (nonfiction)|1661: Mathematician [[William Oughtred (nonfiction)|William Oughtred]] uses [[Gnomon algorithm functions]] to detect [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
File:William Oughtred.jpg|link=William Oughtred (nonfiction)|1661: Mathematician [[William Oughtred (nonfiction)|William Oughtred]] uses [[Gnomon algorithm functions]] to detect [[crimes against mathematical constants]].


||1675 – Stanisław Lubieniecki, Polish astronomer, historian, and theologian (b. 1623)
||1675: Stanisław Lubieniecki dies ... astronomer, historian, and theologian.


||1692 – Elias Ashmole, English astrologer and politician (b. 1617)
||1692: Elias Ashmole dies ... astrologer and politician.


File:Rudjer Boskovic.jpg|link=Roger Joseph Boscovich (nonfiction)|1711: Polymath [[Roger Joseph Boscovich (nonfiction)|Roger Joseph Boscovich]] born. He will be a physicist, astronomer, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, and Jesuit priest.
File:Rudjer Boskovic.jpg|link=Roger Joseph Boscovich (nonfiction)|1711: Polymath [[Roger Joseph Boscovich (nonfiction)|Roger Joseph Boscovich]] born. He will be a physicist, astronomer, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, and Jesuit priest.


||Karl Christian von Langsdorf, also known as Carl Christian von Langsdorff (b. 1757), was a German mathematician, geologist, natural scientist and engineer.
||1757: Karl Christian von Langsdorf born ... mathematician, geologist, natural scientist and engineer.


||1777 – John George Children, English chemist, mineralogist, and zoologist (d. 1852)
||1777: John George Children born ... chemist, mineralogist, and zoologist.


||1804 – Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimed Emperor of the French by the French Senate.
||1804: Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimed Emperor of the French by the French Senate.


||1808 – Elijah Craig, American minister, inventor, and educator, invented Bourbon whiskey (b. 1738)
||1808: Elijah Craig dies ... minister, inventor, and educator, invented Bourbon whiskey.
 
||1815: James Bicheno Francis born ... civil engineer, who invented the Francis turbine. Pic.


File:Mathew Brady 1875.jpg|link=Mathew Brady (nonfiction)|1822: Photographer and journalist [[Mathew Brady (nonfiction)|Mathew Brady]] born. He will be one of the first American photographers, best known for his scenes of the Civil War.
File:Mathew Brady 1875.jpg|link=Mathew Brady (nonfiction)|1822: Photographer and journalist [[Mathew Brady (nonfiction)|Mathew Brady]] born. He will be one of the first American photographers, best known for his scenes of the Civil War.


||1850 – Oliver Heaviside, English engineer, mathematician, and physicist (d. 1925)
||1850: Oliver Heaviside born ... engineer, mathematician, and physicist.


File:Egon Rhodomunde.jpg|link=Egon Rhodomunde|1871: Gem detective and arms dealer [[Egon Rhodomunde]] accuses [[Niles Cartouchian]] of manufacturing illegal [[Time crystal (nonfiction)|time crystals (nonfiction)]].
File:Egon Rhodomunde.jpg|link=Egon Rhodomunde|1871: Gem detective and arms dealer [[Egon Rhodomunde]] accuses [[Niles Cartouchian]] of manufacturing illegal [[Time crystal (nonfiction)|time crystals (nonfiction)]].
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File:Bertrand Russell transparent bg.png|link=Bertrand Russell (nonfiction)|1872: Philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic and political activist [[Bertrand Russell (nonfiction)|Bertrand Russell]] born.
File:Bertrand Russell transparent bg.png|link=Bertrand Russell (nonfiction)|1872: Philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic and political activist [[Bertrand Russell (nonfiction)|Bertrand Russell]] born.


||Erwin Madelung (b. 18 May 1881) was a German physicist. He was born in 1881 in Bonn. His father was the surgeon Otto Wilhelm Madelung. He earned a doctorate in 1905 from the University of Göttingen, specializing in crystal structure, and eventually became a professor. It was during this time he developed the Madelung constant, which characterizes the net electrostatic effects of all ions in a crystal lattice, and is used to determine the energy of one ion.
||1881: Erwin Madelung born ... physicist. He was born in 1881 in Bonn. His father was the surgeon Otto Wilhelm Madelung. He earned a doctorate in 1905 from the University of Göttingen, specializing in crystal structure, and eventually became a professor. It was during this time he developed the Madelung constant, which characterizes the net electrostatic effects of all ions in a crystal lattice, and is used to determine the energy of one ion.


||1889 – Thomas Midgley, Jr., American chemist and engineer (d. 1944) Doctor Thomas Midgley Jr. (May 18, 1889 – November 2, 1944) was an American mechanical engineer and chemist. He was a key figure in a team of chemists, led by Charles F. Kettering, that developed the tetraethyllead (TEL) additive to gasoline as well as some of the first chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
||1889: Thomas Midgley, Jr. born ... chemist and mechanical engineer ... key figure in a team of chemists, led by Charles F. Kettering, that developed the tetraethyllead (TEL) additive to gasoline as well as some of the first chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).


||1896 – Khodynka Tragedy: A mass panic on Khodynka Field in Moscow during the festivities of the coronation of Russian Tsar Nicholas II results in the deaths of 1,389 people.
||1896: Khodynka Tragedy: A mass panic on Khodynka Field in Moscow during the festivities of the coronation of Russian Tsar Nicholas II results in the deaths of 1,389 people.


||1901 – Vincent du Vigneaud, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1978)
||1901: Vincent du Vigneaud born ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.


File:Fightin' Bert Russell.jpg|link=Bertrand Russell|1902: [[Bertrand Russell|"Fightin'" Bert Russell]] agrees to fight three rounds of bare-knuckled boxing at World Peace Conference.
File:Fightin' Bert Russell.jpg|link=Bertrand Russell|1902: [[Bertrand Russell|"Fightin'" Bert Russell]] agrees to fight three rounds of bare-knuckled boxing at World Peace Conference.


||Alexander Aigner (* 18 May 1909 in Graz, † 1988) was a full university professor for mathematics at the Karl Franzens University[1] in Graz, Austria. During World War II he was part of a group of five mathematicians, which was recruited by the military cryptanalyst Wilhelm Fenner, and which included Ernst Witt, Georg Aumann, Oswald Teichmueller and Johann Friedrich Schultze, to form the backbone of the new mathematical research department in the late 1930s, which would eventually be called Section IVc of Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht. Pic.
||1909: Alexander Aigner born ... professor for mathematics ... during World War II he was part of a group of five mathematicians, which was recruited by the military cryptanalyst Wilhelm Fenner, and which included Ernst Witt, Georg Aumann, Oswald Teichmueller and Johann Friedrich Schultze, to form the backbone of the new mathematical research department in the late 1930s, which would eventually be called Section IVc of Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht. Pic.
 
||1922: Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran dies ... physician and parasitologist ... won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1907 for his discoveries of parasitic protozoans as causative agents of infectious diseases such as malaria and trypanosomiasis. Following his father, Louis Théodore Laveran, he took up military medicine as profession. Pic.


||1922 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician and parasitologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845) Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (18 June 1845 – 18 May 1922) was a French physician who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1907 for his discoveries of parasitic protozoans as causative agents of infectious diseases such as malaria and trypanosomiasis. Following his father, Louis Théodore Laveran, he took up military medicine as profession. Pic.
||1924: Corrado Segre dies ... mathematician who is remembered today as a major contributor to the early development of algebraic geometry.


||Corrado Segre (d. 18 May 1924) was an Italian mathematician who is remembered today as a major contributor to the early development of algebraic geometry.
||1926: Evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson disappears in Venice, California.


||1926 – Evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson disappears in Venice, California.
||1927: The Bath School disaster: Forty-five people, including many children, are killed by bombs planted by a disgruntled school-board member in Michigan.


||1927 – The Bath School disaster: Forty-five people, including many children, are killed by bombs planted by a disgruntled school-board member in Michigan.
||1931: Don Martin born ... cartoonist.


||1931 – Don Martin, American cartoonist (d. 2000)
||1953: Jackie Cochran becomes the first woman to break the sound barrier.


||1953 – Jackie Cochran becomes the first woman to break the sound barrier.
||1965: Israeli spy Eli Cohen is hanged in Damascus, Syria.


||1965 – Israeli spy Eli Cohen is hanged in Damascus, Syria.
||1969: Apollo program: Apollo 10 is launched.


||1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 10 is launched.
||1971: Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh dies ... mathematician and theorist.


||1971 – Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh, Russian mathematician and theorist (b. 1908)
||1974: Harry Ricardo dies ... engine designer and researcher.


||1974 – Harry Ricardo, English engine designer and researcher (b. 1885)
||1974: Nuclear test: Under project Smiling Buddha, India successfully detonates its first nuclear weapon becoming the sixth nation to do so.


||1974 – Nuclear test: Under project Smiling Buddha, India successfully detonates its first nuclear weapon becoming the sixth nation to do so.
||1974: Thomas Henry Moray dies ... inventor ... received a US patent 2,460,707 in February 1949, after a process of 17 years in discussions with the patent office. The main components of the patent were an LC circuit resonator and a set of vacuum power tubes of diode type using uranium and radium power sources and doped germanium semiconductors on the cathodes. It was an early example of doped semiconductors and a forerunner of radioactive power supplies using radioactive isotopes in space research. Moray's device followed other work on nuclear batteries first done in 1913 by Henry Moseley using a radium source.


||Thomas Henry Moray (d. May 18, 1974) was an inventor from Salt Lake City, Utah. He received a US patent 2,460,707 in February 1949, after a process of 17 years in discussions with the patent office. The main components of the patent were an LC circuit resonator and a set of vacuum power tubes of diode type using uranium and radium power sources and doped germanium semiconductors on the cathodes. It was an early example of doped semiconductors and a forerunner of radioactive power supplies using radioactive isotopes in space research. Moray's device followed other work on nuclear batteries first done in 1913 by Henry Moseley using a radium source.
||1975: Christopher Strachey dies ... computer scientist. He was one of the founders of denotational semantics, and a pioneer in programming language design. Pic.


||Christopher Strachey (d. 18 May 1975) was a British computer scientist. He was one of the founders of denotational semantics, and a pioneer in programming language design. Pic.
||1995: Brinsley Le Poer Trench born ... ufologist and historian.


||1995 – Brinsley Le Poer Trench, 8th Earl of Clancarty, Irish ufologist and historian (b. 1911)
||2004: Arnold Orville Beckman dies ... chemist, inventor, investor, and philanthropist. While a professor at California Institute of Technology, he founded Beckman Instruments based on his 1934 invention of the pH meter, a device for measuring acidity, later considered to have "revolutionized the study of chemistry and biology". Pic.


||Arnold Orville Beckman (d. May 18, 2004) was an American chemist, inventor, investor, and philanthropist. While a professor at California Institute of Technology, he founded Beckman Instruments based on his 1934 invention of the pH meter, a device for measuring acidity, later considered to have "revolutionized the study of chemistry and biology". Pic.
||2005: A second photo from the Hubble Space Telescope confirms that Pluto has two additional moons, Nix and Hydra.


||2005 – A second photo from the Hubble Space Telescope confirms that Pluto has two additional moons, Nix and Hydra.
||2007: Pierre-Gilles de Gennes dies ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.


||2007 – Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1932)
||2014: Hans-Peter Dürr dies ... physicist and academic.


||2014 – Hans-Peter Dürr, German physicist and academic (b. 1929)
||2014: Wubbo Ockels dies ... physicist and astronaut.


||2014 – Wubbo Ockels, Dutch physicist and astronaut (b. 1946)
||2015: Raymond Gosling dies ... physicist and academic.


||2015 – Raymond Gosling, English physicist and academic (b. 1926)
||2017: Jacque Fresco dies ... engineer and academic.


||2017 – Jacque Fresco, American engineer and academic (b. 1916)
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