Template:Selected anniversaries/July 31: Difference between revisions
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||781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Traditional Japanese date: July 6, 781). | |||
||1703 – Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the crime of seditious libel after publishing a politically satirical pamphlet, but is pelted with flowers. | |||
File:Gabriel Cramer.jpg|link=Gabriel Cramer (nonfiction)|1704: Mathematician and physicist [[Gabriel Cramer (nonfiction)|Gabriel Cramer]] born. He will publish Cramer's rule, giving a general formula for the solution for any unknown in a linear equation system having a unique solution, in terms of determinants implied by the system. | File:Gabriel Cramer.jpg|link=Gabriel Cramer (nonfiction)|1704: Mathematician and physicist [[Gabriel Cramer (nonfiction)|Gabriel Cramer]] born. He will publish Cramer's rule, giving a general formula for the solution for any unknown in a linear equation system having a unique solution, in terms of determinants implied by the system. | ||
||1718 – John Canton, English physicist and academic (d. 1772) | |||
||1726 – Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and theorist (b. 1695) | |||
||1790 – The first U.S. patent is issued, to inventor Samuel Hopkins for a potash process. | |||
||Friedrich Wöhler (German: [ˈvøːlɐ]; 31 July 1800 – 23 September 1882) was a German chemist, best known for his synthesis of urea, but also the first to isolate several chemical elements. | |||
||1803 – John Ericsson, Swedish-American engineer, co-designed the USS Princeton and the Novelty Locomotive (d. 1889) | |||
File:Jean-Antoine Chaptal.jpg|link=Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal (nonfiction)|1822: Chemist, physician, agronomist, industrialist, statesman, educator, and philanthropist [[Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal (nonfiction)|Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal]] endows organization dedicated to detecting and preventing [[crimes against mathematical constants]]. | File:Jean-Antoine Chaptal.jpg|link=Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal (nonfiction)|1822: Chemist, physician, agronomist, industrialist, statesman, educator, and philanthropist [[Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal (nonfiction)|Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal]] endows organization dedicated to detecting and preventing [[crimes against mathematical constants]]. | ||
||1858 – Richard Dixon Oldham, English seismologist and geologist (d. 1936) | |||
||1886 – Salvatore Maranzano, Italian-American mob boss (d. 1931) | |||
||1913 - John Milne, British geologist and mining engineer. (b. 1850) | |||
||Stephanie Louise Kwolek (b. July 31, 1923) was an American chemist ... Kevlar | ||Stephanie Louise Kwolek (b. July 31, 1923) was an American chemist ... Kevlar | ||
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||1930 – The radio mystery program The Shadow airs for the first time. | ||1930 – The radio mystery program The Shadow airs for the first time. | ||
||1938 – Archaeologists discover engraved gold and silver plates from King Darius the Great in Persepolis. | |||
||1941 – The Holocaust: Under instructions from Adolf Hitler, Nazi official Hermann Göring, orders SS General Reinhard Heydrich to "submit to me as soon as possible a general plan of the administrative material and financial measures necessary for carrying out the desired Final Solution of the Jewish question." | |||
||1964 – Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the moon, with images 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from earth-bound telescopes. | ||1964 – Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the moon, with images 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from earth-bound telescopes. | ||
||1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover. | ||1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover. | ||
||1980 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist, author, and academic (b. 1902)1980 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist, author, and academic (b. 1902) | |||
||1991 – The United States and Soviet Union both sign the START I Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, the first to reduce (with verification) both countries' stockpiles. | |||
||1999 – Discovery Program: Lunar Prospector: NASA intentionally crashes the spacecraft into the Moon, thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the moon's surface. | ||1999 – Discovery Program: Lunar Prospector: NASA intentionally crashes the spacecraft into the Moon, thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the moon's surface. | ||
File:Portable envy clock generator.jpg|link=Portable envy|2003: [[Portable envy]] components linked to [[crimes against mathematical constants]]. | File:Portable envy clock generator.jpg|link=Portable envy|2003: [[Portable envy]] components linked to [[crimes against mathematical constants]]. | ||
||2016 – Seymour Papert, South African mathematician (b. 1928) | |||
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Revision as of 16:54, 4 November 2017
1704: Mathematician and physicist Gabriel Cramer born. He will publish Cramer's rule, giving a general formula for the solution for any unknown in a linear equation system having a unique solution, in terms of determinants implied by the system.
1822: Chemist, physician, agronomist, industrialist, statesman, educator, and philanthropist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal endows organization dedicated to detecting and preventing crimes against mathematical constants.
1926: Philosopher, mathematician, and computer scientist Hilary Putnam born. He will argue for the reality of mathematical entities, later espousing the view that mathematics is not purely logical, but "quasi-empirical".
2003: Portable envy components linked to crimes against mathematical constants.