Template:Selected anniversaries/December 7: Difference between revisions

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||43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated.
||43 BC: Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated.


File:Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi.jpg|link=Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (nonfiction)|903: Astronomer [[Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (nonfiction)|Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi]] born. He will publish his ''Book of Fixed Stars'' in 964.
File:Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi.jpg|link=Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (nonfiction)|903: Astronomer [[Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (nonfiction)|Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi]] born. He will publish his ''Book of Fixed Stars'' in 964.


||Gregorio Fontana (b. 7 December 1735) was an Italian mathematician. He was chair of mathematics at the university of Pavia succeeding Roger Joseph Boscovich. He has been credited with the introduction of polar coordinates.
||1735: Gregorio Fontana born ... mathematician. He was chair of mathematics at the university of Pavia succeeding Roger Joseph Boscovich. He has been credited with the introduction of polar coordinates.


File:Leopold Kronecker 1865.jpg|link=Leopold Kronecker (nonfiction)|1823: Mathematician [[Leopold Kronecker (nonfiction)|Leopold Kronecker]] born. His work will include number theory, algebra, and logic.
File:Leopold Kronecker 1865.jpg|link=Leopold Kronecker (nonfiction)|1823: Mathematician [[Leopold Kronecker (nonfiction)|Leopold Kronecker]] born. His work will include number theory, algebra, and logic.


||Antonio Luigi Gaudenzio Giuseppe Cremona (b. 7 December 1830) was an Italian mathematician. His life was devoted to the study of geometry and reforming advanced mathematical teaching in Italy. His reputation mainly rests on his Introduzione ad una teoria geometrica delle curve piane. He notably enriched our knowledge of algebraic curves and algebraic surfaces.
||1830: Antonio Luigi Gaudenzio Giuseppe Cremona born ... mathematician. His life was devoted to the study of geometry and reforming advanced mathematical teaching in Italy. His reputation mainly rests on his Introduzione ad una teoria geometrica delle curve piane. He notably enriched our knowledge of algebraic curves and algebraic surfaces.


||Robert Liston (b. 7 December 1847) was a pioneering Scottish surgeon. Liston was noted for his skill in an era prior to anaesthetics, when speed made a difference in terms of pain and survival.
||1847: Robert Liston born ... surgeon. Liston was noted for his skill in an era prior to anaesthetics, when speed made a difference in terms of pain and survival.


||1869 – American outlaw Jesse James commits his first confirmed bank robbery in Gallatin, Missouri.
||1869: Outlaw Jesse James commits his first confirmed bank robbery in Gallatin, Missouri.


||1903 – Danilo Blanuša, Croatian mathematician, physicist, and academic (d. 1987)
||1903: Danilo Blanuša born ... mathematician, physicist, and academic.


||1904 – Comparative fuel trials begin between warships HMS Spiteful and HMS Peterel: Spiteful was the first warship powered solely by fuel oil, and the trials led to the obsolescence of coal in ships of the Royal Navy.
||1904: Comparative fuel trials begin between warships HMS Spiteful and HMS Peterel: Spiteful was the first warship powered solely by fuel oil, and the trials led to the obsolescence of coal in ships of the Royal Navy.


||1905 – Gerard Kuiper, Dutch-American astronomer and academic (d. 1973)
||1905: Gerard Kuiper born ... astronomer and academic.


|| Nicholas Kemmer (b. 7 December 1911), was a Russian-born nuclear physicist working in Britain, who played an integral and leading edge role in United Kingdom's nuclear program. Pic.
||1911: Nicholas Kemmer born ... nuclear physicist working in Britain, who played an integral and leading edge role in United Kingdom's nuclear program. Pic.


||1912 – The bust of Queen Nefertiti, wife of the ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten, is discovered at Amarna in Minya, southern Egypt.
||1912: The bust of Queen Nefertiti, wife of the ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten, is discovered at Amarna in Minya, southern Egypt.


||Sir George Howard Darwin (d. 7 December 1912) was an English barrister and astronomer. He studied tidal forces involving the Sun, Moon, and Earth, and formulated the fission theory of Moon formation.
||1912: George Howard Darwin dies ... barrister and astronomer. He studied tidal forces involving the Sun, Moon, and Earth, and formulated the fission theory of Moon formation.


||Guido Zappa (b. 7 December 1915) was an Italian mathematician and a noted group theorist: his other main research interests were geometry and also the history of mathematics.
||1915: Guido Zappa born ... mathematician and a noted group theorist: his other main research interests were geometry and also the history of mathematics.


||Mary Ellen Rudin (b. December 7, 1924) was an American mathematician known for her work in set-theoretic topology. Pic.
||1924: Mary Ellen Rudin born ... mathematician known for her work in set-theoretic topology. Pic.


File:Hermann Weyl.jpg|link=Hermann Weyl (nonfiction)|1929: Mathematician, physicist, and philosopher [[Hermann Weyl (nonfiction)|Hermann Weyl]] uses fermions (now known as [[Weyl semimetal (nonfiction)|Weyl semimetals]]) to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].  
File:Hermann Weyl.jpg|link=Hermann Weyl (nonfiction)|1929: Mathematician, physicist, and philosopher [[Hermann Weyl (nonfiction)|Hermann Weyl]] uses fermions (now known as [[Weyl semimetal (nonfiction)|Weyl semimetals]]) to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].  


||1930 – W1XAV in Boston, Massachusetts telecasts video from the CBS radio orchestra program, The Fox Trappers. The telecast also includes the first television commercial in the United States, an advertisement for I.J. Fox Furriers, who sponsored the radio show.
||1930: W1XAV in Boston, Massachusetts telecasts video from the CBS radio orchestra program, The Fox Trappers. The telecast also includes the first television commercial in the United States, an advertisement for I.J. Fox Furriers, who sponsored the radio show.


||1941 – World War II: Attack on Pearl Harbor: The Imperial Japanese Navy carries out a surprise attack on the United States Pacific Fleet and its defending Army and Marine air forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (For Japan's near-simultaneous attacks on Eastern Hemisphere targets, see December 8.)
||1941: World War II: Attack on Pearl Harbor: The Imperial Japanese Navy carries out a surprise attack on the United States Pacific Fleet and its defending Army and Marine air forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (For Japan's near-simultaneous attacks on Eastern Hemisphere targets, see December 8.)


||Henry Louis Rietz (d. 7 December 1943, Iowa City, Iowa) was an American mathematician, actuarial scientist, and statistician, who was a leader in the development of statistical theory.  
||1943: Henry Louis Rietz dies ... mathematician, actuarial scientist, and statistician, who was a leader in the development of statistical theory.  
 
||1960: Walter Noddack dies ... chemist who discovered the element rhenium (Jun 1925) in collaboration with his wife Ida Tacke. In 1922, he began a long search for undiscovered elements. After three years, the careful fractionation of certain ores yielded element 75, a rare heavy metallic element that resembles manganese. Named rhenium after the Rhine River, it was the last stable element to be discovered. Noddack is also remembered for arguing for a concept he called allgegenwartskonzentration or, literally, omnipresent concentration. This idea, reminiscent of Greek philosopher Anaxagoras, assumed that every mineral actually contained every element. The reason they could not all be detected was they existed in too small quantities. Pic: https://sciencenotes.org/today-in-science-history-december-7-walter-noddack/


File:Stanford Official Review 2007.jpg|link=Instant replay (nonfiction)|1963: [[Instant replay (nonfiction)|Instant replay]] makes its debut during the Army-Navy football game in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
File:Stanford Official Review 2007.jpg|link=Instant replay (nonfiction)|1963: [[Instant replay (nonfiction)|Instant replay]] makes its debut during the Army-Navy football game in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.


||1965 – Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I simultaneously revoke mutual excommunications that had been in place since 1054.
||1965: Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I simultaneously revoke mutual excommunications that had been in place since 1054.


||1970 – Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist, sculptor, and author (b. 1883).
||1970: Rube Goldberg dies ... American cartoonist, sculptor, and author.


||1972 – Apollo 17, the last Apollo moon mission, is launched. The crew takes the photograph known as The Blue Marble as they leave the Earth.
||1972: Apollo 17, the last Apollo moon mission, is launched. The crew takes the photograph known as The Blue Marble as they leave the Earth.


File:Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin.jpg|link=Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (nonfiction)|1979: Astronomer and astrophysicist [[Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (nonfiction)|Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin]] dies. Her doctoral thesis established that hydrogen is the overwhelming constituent of stars, and accordingly the most abundant element in the universe.
File:Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin.jpg|link=Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (nonfiction)|1979: Astronomer and astrophysicist [[Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (nonfiction)|Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin]] dies. Her doctoral thesis established that hydrogen is the overwhelming constituent of stars, and accordingly the most abundant element in the universe.


||George Bogdanovich Kistiakowsky (d. December 7, 1982) was a Ukrainian-American physical chemistry professor at Harvard who participated in the Manhattan Project and later served as President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Science Advisor. Pic.
||1982: George Bogdanovich Kistiakowsky dies ... physical chemistry professor at Harvard who participated in the Manhattan Project and later served as President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Science Advisor. Pic.


||1995 – The Galileo spacecraft arrives at Jupiter, a little more than six years after it was launched by Space Shuttle Atlantis during Mission STS-34.
||1995: The Galileo spacecraft arrives at Jupiter, a little more than six years after it was launched by Space Shuttle Atlantis during Mission STS-34.


||1998 – Martin Rodbell, American biochemist and endocrinologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
||1998: Martin Rodbell dies ... biochemist and endocrinologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)


||2015 – The JAXA probe Akatsuki successfully enters orbit around Venus five years after the first attempt.
||2015: The JAXA probe Akatsuki successfully enters orbit around Venus five years after the first attempt.


|File:A la mémoire de J.M. Jacquard.jpg|link=Joseph Marie Jacquard (nonfiction)|1830: [[Joseph Marie Jacquard (nonfiction)|Joseph Marie Jacquard]] discovers new family of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]].
|File:A la mémoire de J.M. Jacquard.jpg|link=Joseph Marie Jacquard (nonfiction)|1830: [[Joseph Marie Jacquard (nonfiction)|Joseph Marie Jacquard]] discovers new family of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]].

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