Template:Selected anniversaries/October 8: Difference between revisions
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||1561: Edward Wright baptized... mathematician and cartographer noted for his book Certaine Errors in Navigation (1599; 2nd ed., 1610), which for the first time explained the mathematical basis of the Mercator projection, and set out a reference table giving the linear scale multiplication factor as a function of latitude, calculated for each minute of arc up to a latitude of 75°. This was in fact a table of values of the integral of the secant function, and was the essential step needed to make practical both the making and the navigational use of Mercator charts. No death date. Pic: book cover. | ||1561: Edward Wright baptized... mathematician and cartographer noted for his book Certaine Errors in Navigation (1599; 2nd ed., 1610), which for the first time explained the mathematical basis of the Mercator projection, and set out a reference table giving the linear scale multiplication factor as a function of latitude, calculated for each minute of arc up to a latitude of 75°. This was in fact a table of values of the integral of the secant function, and was the essential step needed to make practical both the making and the navigational use of Mercator charts. No death date. Pic: book cover. | ||
||1604: The supernova now called "Kepler's nova" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. Johannes Kepler observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write ''The New Star'' in 1606. | File:Kepler's_drawing_orawing_of_SN_1604.png|link=Kepler's Supernova (nonfiction)|1604: The supernova now called "[[Kepler's Supernova (nonfiction)|Kepler's nova]]" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. [[Johannes Kepler (nonfiction)|Johannes Kepler]] observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write ''The New Star'' in 1606. | ||
||1621: Antoine de Montchrestien, French soldier, playwright, and economist. No DOB. Pic search | ||1621: Antoine de Montchrestien, French soldier, playwright, and economist. No DOB. Pic search. | ||
||1647: Christen Sørensen Longomontanus dies ... astronomer and mathematician. Pic. | ||1647: Christen Sørensen Longomontanus dies ... astronomer and mathematician. Pic. | ||
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||1834: Jakob Steiner appointed extraordinary professor at the University of Berlin, a post he held until his death in 1863. Pic. | ||1834: Jakob Steiner appointed extraordinary professor at the University of Berlin, a post he held until his death in 1863. Pic. | ||
||1846: Tarleton Hoffman Bean born ... ichthyologist. Pic. | |||
||1850: Henry Louis Le Châtelier born ... chemist and academic ... devised Le Chatelier's principle, used by chemists to predict the effect a changing condition has on a system in chemical equilibrium. Pic. | ||1850: Henry Louis Le Châtelier born ... chemist and academic ... devised Le Chatelier's principle, used by chemists to predict the effect a changing condition has on a system in chemical equilibrium. Pic. | ||
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File:Richard Sharpe Shaver.jpg|link=Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|1907: Author and illustrator [[Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|Richard Sharpe Shaver]] born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth. | File:Richard Sharpe Shaver.jpg|link=Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|1907: Author and illustrator [[Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|Richard Sharpe Shaver]] born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth. | ||
||1908: Hans Heilbronn born ... mathematician. He will prove that the class number of the number field {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} ({\sqrt {-d}})} \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d}) tends to plus infinity as {\displaystyle d} d does Pic | ||1908: Hans Heilbronn born ... mathematician. He will prove that the class number of the number field {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} ({\sqrt {-d}})} \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d}) tends to plus infinity as {\displaystyle d} d does. Pic search. | ||
||1910: Helmut Kallmeyer born ... chemist and soldier ... served as a consultant in Adolf Hitler's Chancellery (Kanzlei des Führers) for gasification methods. Later, he worked in the Technical Institute for the Detection of Crime (Kriminaltechnisches Institut der Sicherheitspolizei, KTI). He was involved in Action T4, Nazi Germany's program to murder people with disabilities. Pic search | ||1910: Helmut Kallmeyer born ... chemist and soldier ... served as a consultant in Adolf Hitler's Chancellery (Kanzlei des Führers) for gasification methods. Later, he worked in the Technical Institute for the Detection of Crime (Kriminaltechnisches Institut der Sicherheitspolizei, KTI). He was involved in Action T4, Nazi Germany's program to murder people with disabilities. Pic search. | ||
||1912: Saul Winstein born ... chemist who discovered the Winstein reaction. He argued a non-classical cation was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation. Pic search | ||1912: Saul Winstein born ... chemist who discovered the Winstein reaction. He argued a non-classical cation was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation. Pic search. | ||
||1913: Robert Rowe Gilruth born ... aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs. He developed the X-1, first plane to break the sound barrier. Gilruth directed Project Mercury, the initial program for achieving manned space flight. Under his leadership, the first American astronaut orbited the Earth only a little over 3 years after NASA was created. In 1961, President Kennedy and the Congress committed the nation to a manned lunar landing within the decade. Gilruth was named the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center and assigned the responsibility of designing and developing the spacecraft and associated equipment, planning and controlling missions, and training flight crews. He retired from NASA in 1973. Pic. | ||1913: Robert Rowe Gilruth born ... aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs. He developed the X-1, first plane to break the sound barrier. Gilruth directed Project Mercury, the initial program for achieving manned space flight. Under his leadership, the first American astronaut orbited the Earth only a little over 3 years after NASA was created. In 1961, President Kennedy and the Congress committed the nation to a manned lunar landing within the decade. Gilruth was named the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center and assigned the responsibility of designing and developing the spacecraft and associated equipment, planning and controlling missions, and training flight crews. He retired from NASA in 1973. Pic. | ||
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File:John Ashworth Nelder.jpg|link=John Nelder (nonfiction)|1924: Mathematician and statistician [[John Nelder (nonfiction)|John Nelder]] born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the [[Hastings Rarities (nonfiction)|Hastings Rarities]]. | File:John Ashworth Nelder.jpg|link=John Nelder (nonfiction)|1924: Mathematician and statistician [[John Nelder (nonfiction)|John Nelder]] born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the [[Hastings Rarities (nonfiction)|Hastings Rarities]]. | ||
||2002: César Milstein dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic. | |||
||1932: Kenneth Ira Appel born ... mathematician who in 1976, with colleague Wolfgang Haken at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, solved one of the most famous problems in mathematics, the four-color theorem. They proved that any two-dimensional map, with certain limitations, can be filled in with four colors without any adjacent "countries" sharing the same color. Pic | ||1932: Kenneth Ira Appel born ... mathematician who in 1976, with colleague Wolfgang Haken at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, solved one of the most famous problems in mathematics, the four-color theorem. They proved that any two-dimensional map, with certain limitations, can be filled in with four colors without any adjacent "countries" sharing the same color. Pic search. | ||
||1940: Jacob Robert Emden dies ... astrophysicist and meteorologist ... mathematical model of the behavior of polytropic gaseous stellar objects under the influence their own gravity, known as the Lane-Emden equation. Pic search | ||1940: Jacob Robert Emden dies ... astrophysicist and meteorologist ... mathematical model of the behavior of polytropic gaseous stellar objects under the influence their own gravity, known as the Lane-Emden equation. Pic search. | ||
File:Sergey Chaplygin.jpg|link=Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer [[Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|Sergey Chaplygin]] dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him. | File:Sergey Chaplygin.jpg|link=Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer [[Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|Sergey Chaplygin]] dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him. | ||
||1944: Rollo Davidson born ... probabilist, alpinist, and Fellow-elect of Churchill College, Cambridge, who died aged 25 on Piz Bernina. He is known for his work on semigroups, stochastic geometry, and stochastic analysis,[1] and for the Rollo Davidson Prize, given in his name to young probabilists. Pic | ||1944: Rollo Davidson born ... probabilist, alpinist, and Fellow-elect of Churchill College, Cambridge, who died aged 25 on Piz Bernina. He is known for his work on semigroups, stochastic geometry, and stochastic analysis,[1] and for the Rollo Davidson Prize, given in his name to young probabilists. Pic search. | ||
||1949: Leonor Michaelis dies ... biochemist, physical chemist, and physician, known primarily for his work with Maud Menten on enzyme kinetics and Michaelis–Menten kinetics in 1913. Pic. | ||1949: Leonor Michaelis dies ... biochemist, physical chemist, and physician, known primarily for his work with Maud Menten on enzyme kinetics and Michaelis–Menten kinetics in 1913. Pic. | ||
||1949: Jerry Bittle born ... cartoonist. Pic search | ||1949: Jerry Bittle born ... cartoonist. Pic search. | ||
||1949: Ashawna Hailey born ... computer scientist and philanthropist. Pic. | ||1949: Ashawna Hailey born ... computer scientist and philanthropist. Pic. | ||
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||1967: New York Times publishes article "Two Men in Search of the Quark;" by Lee Edson on the work at Calif Inst of Tech by Professors Gell-Mann Feynman to find the "ultimate particle of matter" which they had labled a quark. | ||1967: New York Times publishes article "Two Men in Search of the Quark;" by Lee Edson on the work at Calif Inst of Tech by Professors Gell-Mann Feynman to find the "ultimate particle of matter" which they had labled a quark. | ||
||1973: Evan Tom Davies dies ... mathematician and linguist. He studied applications of the Lie derivative as it relates to Riemannian geometry as well as absolute differential calculus. Pic search | ||1973: Evan Tom Davies dies ... mathematician and linguist. He studied applications of the Lie derivative as it relates to Riemannian geometry as well as absolute differential calculus. Pic search. | ||
||1974: Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States. | ||1974: Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States. | ||
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||2001: U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security. | ||2001: U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security. | ||
||2005: Mathematician Alfred William Goldie dies. He will work in ring theory where he introduced the notion of the uniform dimension of a module, and the reduced rank of a module. He is well known for Goldie's theorem, which characterizes right Goldie rings. Indeed, his Independent obituary described him as the "Lord of the Rings". Pic | ||2005: Mathematician Alfred William Goldie dies. He will work in ring theory where he introduced the notion of the uniform dimension of a module, and the reduced rank of a module. He is well known for Goldie's theorem, which characterizes right Goldie rings. Indeed, his Independent obituary described him as the "Lord of the Rings". Pic search. | ||
||2014: Harden M. McConnell dies ... chemist and academic ... contributed to the understanding of the relation between molecular electronic structure and electron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra during the period of 1955 through 1965. After that, he developed the technique of spin-labels, whereby electron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra can be used to study the structure and kinetics of proteins and membranes. Pic search. | |||
||2016: Mathematician, engineer, and academic Ray William Clough dies. Clough was a pioneer of the finite element method (FEM). He coined the term "finite elements" in an article in 1960. Pic search | ||2016: Mathematician, engineer, and academic Ray William Clough dies. Clough was a pioneer of the finite element method (FEM). He coined the term "finite elements" in an article in 1960. Pic search. | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
Latest revision as of 13:20, 7 February 2022
1604: The supernova now called "Kepler's nova" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. Johannes Kepler observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write The New Star in 1606.
1860: Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.
1907: Author and illustrator Richard Sharpe Shaver born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth.
1924: Mathematician and statistician John Nelder born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the Hastings Rarities.
1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer Sergey Chaplygin dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.
1985: Mathematician, cryptographer, and author Gordon Welchman dies. During the Second World War, he developed traffic analysis techniques for breaking German codes.