Template:Selected anniversaries/October 8: Difference between revisions

From Gnomon Chronicles
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<gallery>
<gallery>
|| *** DONE: Pics ***
||1561: Edward Wright baptized... mathematician and cartographer noted for his book Certaine Errors in Navigation (1599; 2nd ed., 1610), which for the first time explained the mathematical basis of the Mercator projection, and set out a reference table giving the linear scale multiplication factor as a function of latitude, calculated for each minute of arc up to a latitude of 75°. This was in fact a table of values of the integral of the secant function, and was the essential step needed to make practical both the making and the navigational use of Mercator charts. No death date.  Pic: book cover.
||1561: Edward Wright baptized... mathematician and cartographer noted for his book Certaine Errors in Navigation (1599; 2nd ed., 1610), which for the first time explained the mathematical basis of the Mercator projection, and set out a reference table giving the linear scale multiplication factor as a function of latitude, calculated for each minute of arc up to a latitude of 75°. This was in fact a table of values of the integral of the secant function, and was the essential step needed to make practical both the making and the navigational use of Mercator charts. No death date.  Pic: book cover.


||1604: The supernova now called "Kepler's nova" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. Johannes Kepler observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write The New Star in 1606.
File:Kepler's_drawing_orawing_of_SN_1604.png|link=Kepler's Supernova (nonfiction)|1604: The supernova now called "[[Kepler's Supernova (nonfiction)|Kepler's nova]]" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. [[Johannes Kepler (nonfiction)|Johannes Kepler]] observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write ''The New Star'' in 1606.


||1621: Antoine de Montchrestien, French soldier, playwright, and economist.
||1621: Antoine de Montchrestien, French soldier, playwright, and economist. No DOB. Pic search.


||1647: Christen Sørensen Longomontanus dies ... astronomer and mathematician. Pic.
||1647: Christen Sørensen Longomontanus dies ... astronomer and mathematician. Pic.
Line 14: Line 16:
||1810: James Wilson Marshall born ... carpenter and sawmill operator, who reported the finding of gold at Coloma on the American River in California on January 24, 1848, the impetus for the California Gold Rush. The mill property was owned by Johann (John) Sutter who employed Marshall to build his mill. The wave of gold seekers turned everyone's attention away from the mill which eventually fell into disrepair and was never used as intended. Neither Marshall nor Sutter ever profited from the gold find. Pic.
||1810: James Wilson Marshall born ... carpenter and sawmill operator, who reported the finding of gold at Coloma on the American River in California on January 24, 1848, the impetus for the California Gold Rush. The mill property was owned by Johann (John) Sutter who employed Marshall to build his mill. The wave of gold seekers turned everyone's attention away from the mill which eventually fell into disrepair and was never used as intended. Neither Marshall nor Sutter ever profited from the gold find. Pic.


||1834: Jakob Steiner appointed extraordinary professor at the University of Berlin, a post he held until his death in 1863.
||1834: Jakob Steiner appointed extraordinary professor at the University of Berlin, a post he held until his death in 1863. Pic.


||1850: Henry Louis Le Châtelier born ... chemist and academic.
||1846: Tarleton Hoffman Bean born ... ichthyologist. Pic.
 
||1850: Henry Louis Le Châtelier born ... chemist and academic ... devised Le Chatelier's principle, used by chemists to predict the effect a changing condition has on a system in chemical equilibrium. Pic.


||1856: The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River.
||1856: The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River.
Line 24: Line 28:
||1864: Kikunae Ikeda born ... chemist and Tokyo Imperial University professor of Chemistry who, in 1908, uncovered the chemical basis of a taste he named umami.  Pic.
||1864: Kikunae Ikeda born ... chemist and Tokyo Imperial University professor of Chemistry who, in 1908, uncovered the chemical basis of a taste he named umami.  Pic.


||1872: Mary Engle Pennington born ... bacteriological chemist and refrigeration engineer.
||1872: Mary Engle Pennington born ... bacteriological chemist and refrigeration engineer. Pic.


||1873: Ejnar Hertzsprung dies ... chemist and astronomer ... together with Henry Norris Russell, he developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. Pic.
||1873: Ejnar Hertzsprung dies ... chemist and astronomer ... together with Henry Norris Russell, he developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. Pic.
Line 34: Line 38:
||1901: Mark Oliphant born ... physicist, humanitarian and politician, Governor of South Australia. Pic.
||1901: Mark Oliphant born ... physicist, humanitarian and politician, Governor of South Australia. Pic.


||1908: Hans Heilbronn born ... mathematician. He will prove that the class number of the number field {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} ({\sqrt {-d}})} \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d}) tends to plus infinity as {\displaystyle d} d does Pic: https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2008/5965.html
File:Richard Sharpe Shaver.jpg|link=Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|1907: Author and illustrator [[Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|Richard Sharpe Shaver]] born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth.  


||1910: Helmut Kallmeyer born ... chemist and soldier.
||1908: Hans Heilbronn born ... mathematician. He will prove that the class number of the number field {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} ({\sqrt {-d}})} \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d}) tends to plus infinity as {\displaystyle d} d does. Pic search.


File:Richard Sharpe Shaver.jpg|link=Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|1907: Author and illustrator [[Richard Sharpe Shaver (nonfiction)|Richard Sharpe Shaver]] born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth.  
||1910: Helmut Kallmeyer born ... chemist and soldier ... served as a consultant in Adolf Hitler's Chancellery (Kanzlei des Führers) for gasification methods. Later, he worked in the Technical Institute for the Detection of Crime (Kriminaltechnisches Institut der Sicherheitspolizei, KTI). He was involved in Action T4, Nazi Germany's program to murder people with disabilities. Pic search.


||1912: Saul Winstein born ... chemist who discovered the Winstein reaction. He argued a non-classical cation was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation. Pic search yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=saul+winstein
||1912: Saul Winstein born ... chemist who discovered the Winstein reaction. He argued a non-classical cation was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation. Pic search.


||1913: Robert Rowe Gilruth born ... aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs. He developed the X-1, first plane to break the sound barrier. Gilruth directed Project Mercury, the initial program for achieving manned space flight. Under his leadership, the first American astronaut orbited the Earth only a little over 3 years after NASA was created. In 1961, President Kennedy and the Congress committed the nation to a manned lunar landing within the decade. Gilruth was named the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center and assigned the responsibility of designing and developing the spacecraft and associated equipment, planning and controlling missions, and training flight crews. He retired from NASA in 1973. Pic.
||1913: Robert Rowe Gilruth born ... aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs. He developed the X-1, first plane to break the sound barrier. Gilruth directed Project Mercury, the initial program for achieving manned space flight. Under his leadership, the first American astronaut orbited the Earth only a little over 3 years after NASA was created. In 1961, President Kennedy and the Congress committed the nation to a manned lunar landing within the decade. Gilruth was named the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center and assigned the responsibility of designing and developing the spacecraft and associated equipment, planning and controlling missions, and training flight crews. He retired from NASA in 1973. Pic.


||1917: Rodney Robert Porter born ... biochemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
||1917: Rodney Robert Porter born ... biochemist and physiologist.  In 1972, Porter shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Gerald M. Edelman for determining the chemical structure of an antibody. Using the enzyme papain, he broke the blood's immunoglobin into fragments, making them easier to study. He also looked into how the blood's immunoglobins react with cellular surfaces. Pic.


||1918: Jens Christian Skou born ... chemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
||1918: Jens Christian Skou born ... chemist and physiologist. In 1997 he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (together with Paul D. Boyer and John E. Walker) for his discovery of Na+,K+-ATPase. Pic.


File:John Ashworth Nelder.jpg|link=John Nelder (nonfiction)|1924: Mathematician and statistician [[John Nelder (nonfiction)|John Nelder]] born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the [[Hastings Rarities (nonfiction)|Hastings Rarities]].
File:John Ashworth Nelder.jpg|link=John Nelder (nonfiction)|1924: Mathematician and statistician [[John Nelder (nonfiction)|John Nelder]] born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the [[Hastings Rarities (nonfiction)|Hastings Rarities]].


File:Culvert Origenes and The Governess.jpg|link=Culvert Origenes and The Governess|1925: Signed first edition of ''[[Culvert Origenes and The Governess]]'' stolen by [[math criminals]].
||2002: César Milstein dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1932: Kenneth Ira Appel born ... mathematician who in 1976, with colleague Wolfgang Haken at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, solved one of the most famous problems in mathematics, the four-color theorem. They proved that any two-dimensional map, with certain limitations, can be filled in with four colors without any adjacent "countries" sharing the same color. Pic: http://www.kindertransporte-nrw.eu/appel/appel_work_1_e.html
||1932: Kenneth Ira Appel born ... mathematician who in 1976, with colleague Wolfgang Haken at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, solved one of the most famous problems in mathematics, the four-color theorem. They proved that any two-dimensional map, with certain limitations, can be filled in with four colors without any adjacent "countries" sharing the same color. Pic search.


||1940: Jacob Robert Emden dies ... astrophysicist and meteorologist ... mathematical model of the behavior of polytropic gaseous stellar objects under the influence their own gravity, known as the Lane-Emden equation. Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=robert+emden+astrophysicist
||1940: Jacob Robert Emden dies ... astrophysicist and meteorologist ... mathematical model of the behavior of polytropic gaseous stellar objects under the influence their own gravity, known as the Lane-Emden equation. Pic search.
 
File:Joseph Wedderburn.jpg|link=Joseph Wedderburn (nonfiction)|1941: Mathematician and crime-fighter [[Joseph Wedderburn (nonfiction)|Joseph Wedderburn]] the Artin–Wedderburn theorem on simple algebras to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].  


File:Sergey Chaplygin.jpg|link=Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer [[Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|Sergey Chaplygin]] dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.
File:Sergey Chaplygin.jpg|link=Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer [[Sergey Chaplygin (nonfiction)|Sergey Chaplygin]] dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.


||1944: Rollo Davidson born ... probabilist, alpinist, and Fellow-elect of Churchill College, Cambridge, who died aged 25 on Piz Bernina. He is known for his work on semigroups, stochastic geometry, and stochastic analysis,[1] and for the Rollo Davidson Prize, given in his name to young probabilists. Pic: http://www.statslab.cam.ac.uk/Rollo/
||1944: Rollo Davidson born ... probabilist, alpinist, and Fellow-elect of Churchill College, Cambridge, who died aged 25 on Piz Bernina. He is known for his work on semigroups, stochastic geometry, and stochastic analysis,[1] and for the Rollo Davidson Prize, given in his name to young probabilists. Pic search.
 
File:Neptune Slaughter Believe It Or Whaat.jpg|link=Neptune Slaughter|1946: Sea-creature and alleged supervillain [[Neptune Slaughter]] denies sinking the Japanese aircraft carrier ''Hiryu''.


||1949: Leonor Michaelis dies ... biochemist, physical chemist, and physician, known primarily for his work with Maud Menten on enzyme kinetics and Michaelis–Menten kinetics in 1913. Pic.
||1949: Leonor Michaelis dies ... biochemist, physical chemist, and physician, known primarily for his work with Maud Menten on enzyme kinetics and Michaelis–Menten kinetics in 1913. Pic.


||1949: Jerry Bittle born ... cartoonist. Pic search yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=jerry+bittle
||1949: Jerry Bittle born ... cartoonist. Pic search.


||1949: Ashawna Hailey born ... computer scientist and philanthropist. Pic.
||1949: Ashawna Hailey born ... computer scientist and philanthropist. Pic.
Line 72: Line 72:
||1967: New York Times publishes article "Two Men in Search of the Quark;" by Lee Edson on the work at Calif Inst of Tech by Professors Gell-Mann Feynman to find the "ultimate particle of matter" which they had labled a quark.
||1967: New York Times publishes article "Two Men in Search of the Quark;" by Lee Edson on the work at Calif Inst of Tech by Professors Gell-Mann Feynman to find the "ultimate particle of matter" which they had labled a quark.


||1973: Evan Tom Davies dies ... mathematician and linguist. He studied applications of the Lie derivative as it relates to Riemannian geometry as well as absolute differential calculus. Pic search yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=Evan+Tom+Davies
||1973: Evan Tom Davies dies ... mathematician and linguist. He studied applications of the Lie derivative as it relates to Riemannian geometry as well as absolute differential calculus. Pic search.


||1974: Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
||1974: Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.


||1985: Malcolm Ross dies ... American captain, physicist, and balloonist.
||1985: Malcolm Ross dies ... American captain, physicist, and balloonist. Pic.


File:Gordon Welchman.jpg|link=Gordon Welchman (nonfiction)|1985: Mathematician, cryptographer, and author [[Gordon Welchman (nonfiction)|Gordon Welchman]] dies. During the Second World War, he developed traffic analysis techniques for breaking German codes.
File:Gordon Welchman.jpg|link=Gordon Welchman (nonfiction)|1985: Mathematician, cryptographer, and author [[Gordon Welchman (nonfiction)|Gordon Welchman]] dies. During the Second World War, he developed traffic analysis techniques for breaking German codes.


||1994: Mathematician Brian Hartley dies.  He will specialize in group theory. Pic: http://www.maths.manchester.ac.uk/about-us/history/brian-hartley/
||1994: Mathematician Brian Hartley dies.  He will specialize in group theory. Pic: http://www.maths.manchester.ac.uk/about-us/history/brian-hartley/
||1995: British civil servant, intelligence officer, and spy John Cairncross dies. During the Second World War, he passed the information to the Soviets that influenced the Battle of Kursk. He was alleged to be the fifth member of the Cambridge Five spy ring. Pic.


||1996: The U.S. Postal Service issued a special "Computer Technology" stamp to mark the 50th anniversary of the ENIAC. In a ceremony at the Army’s Aberdeen Proving Ground, speakers paid tribute to computer pioneers with the image of a brain partially covered by small blocs that contain parts of circuit boards and binary language. The stamp was designed entirely on a computer.  
||1996: The U.S. Postal Service issued a special "Computer Technology" stamp to mark the 50th anniversary of the ENIAC. In a ceremony at the Army’s Aberdeen Proving Ground, speakers paid tribute to computer pioneers with the image of a brain partially covered by small blocs that contain parts of circuit boards and binary language. The stamp was designed entirely on a computer.  
Line 86: Line 88:
||2001: U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
||2001: U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.


||2005: Mathematician Alfred William Goldie dies. He will work in ring theory where he introduced the notion of the uniform dimension of a module, and the reduced rank of a module. He is well known for Goldie's theorem, which characterizes right Goldie rings. Indeed, his Independent obituary described him as the "Lord of the Rings". Pic: http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Goldie_Alfred.html
||2005: Mathematician Alfred William Goldie dies. He will work in ring theory where he introduced the notion of the uniform dimension of a module, and the reduced rank of a module. He is well known for Goldie's theorem, which characterizes right Goldie rings. Indeed, his Independent obituary described him as the "Lord of the Rings". Pic search.
 
File:Tullio Regge.jpg|link=Tullio Regge (nonfiction)|2009: Physicist and crime-fighter [[Tullio Regge (nonfiction)|Tullio Regge]] uses spin foam models to detect and prevent [[crimes against physics]], warns that quantum gravity "may still be at risk."
 
||2014: Harden M. McConnell dies ... chemist and academic.
 
||1923: Edgar Gilbert born ... mathematician and theorist. He contributed to the understanding of the relation between molecular electronic structure and electron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra during the period of 1955 through 1965. After that, he developed the technique of spin-labels, whereby electron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra can be used to study the structure and kinetics of proteins and membranes. Pic: https://alchetron.com/Edgar-Gilbert
 


File:Butterfly.jpg|link=Butterfly (image) (nonfiction)|2016: ''[[Butterfly (image) (nonfiction)|Butterfly]]'' voted Picture of the Day by the citizens of [[New Minneapolis, Canada]].
||2014: Harden M. McConnell dies ... chemist and academic ... contributed to the understanding of the relation between molecular electronic structure and electron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra during the period of 1955 through 1965. After that, he developed the technique of spin-labels, whereby electron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra can be used to study the structure and kinetics of proteins and membranes. Pic search.


||2016: Mathematician, engineer, and academic Ray William Clough dies.  Clough was a pioneer of the finite element method (FEM). He coined the term "finite elements" in an article in 1960.  Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=ray+william+clough
||2016: Mathematician, engineer, and academic Ray William Clough dies.  Clough was a pioneer of the finite element method (FEM). He coined the term "finite elements" in an article in 1960.  Pic search.


</gallery>
</gallery>

Latest revision as of 13:20, 7 February 2022

  • 1604: The supernova now called "Kepler's nova" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. Johannes Kepler observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write The New Star in 1606.

    1604: The supernova now called "Kepler's nova" was first sighted in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. Johannes Kepler observed it from the time of its appearance as an apparently new star. It encouraged him to write The New Star in 1606.

  • 1860: Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.

    1860: Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.

  • 1907: Author and illustrator Richard Sharpe Shaver born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth.

    1907: Author and illustrator Richard Sharpe Shaver born. He will write stories in which he claimed that he has had personal experience of a sinister, ancient civilization that harbors fantastic technology in caverns under the earth.

  • 1924: Mathematician and statistician John Nelder born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the Hastings Rarities.

    1924: Mathematician and statistician John Nelder born. He will contribute to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory. He will also be responsible, with Max Nicholson and James Ferguson-Lees, for debunking the Hastings Rarities.

  • 1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer Sergey Chaplygin dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.

    1942: Physicist, mathematician, and engineer Sergey Chaplygin dies. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation, and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.

  • 1985: Mathematician, cryptographer, and author Gordon Welchman dies. During the Second World War, he developed traffic analysis techniques for breaking German codes.

    1985: Mathematician, cryptographer, and author Gordon Welchman dies. During the Second World War, he developed traffic analysis techniques for breaking German codes.

Retrieved from "https://gnomonchronicles.com/w/index.php?title=Template:Selected_anniversaries/October_8&oldid=89743"