Template:Selected anniversaries/August 16: Difference between revisions

From Gnomon Chronicles
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(21 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Vincenzo Coronelli.jpg|link=Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|1650: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer [[Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|Vincenzo Coronelli]] born. He will gain fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes will be very large and highly detailed.
File:Vincenzo Coronelli.jpg|link=Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|1650: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer [[Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|Vincenzo Coronelli]] born. He will gain fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes will be very large and highly detailed.
File:Christiaan Huygens.jpg|link=Christiaan Huygens (nonfiction)|1694: Mathematician, astronomer, and crime-fighter [[Christiaan Huygens (nonfiction)|Christiaan Huygens]] reveals in autobiography that he uses statistical analysis and games of chance to catch [[math criminals]] in the act.


File:Jacob Bernoulli.jpg|link=Jacob Bernoulli (nonfiction)|1705: Mathematician [[Jacob Bernoulli (nonfiction)|Jacob Bernoulli]] dies. He discovered the fundamental mathematical constant ''e'', and made important contributions to the field of probability.
File:Jacob Bernoulli.jpg|link=Jacob Bernoulli (nonfiction)|1705: Mathematician [[Jacob Bernoulli (nonfiction)|Jacob Bernoulli]] dies. He discovered the fundamental mathematical constant ''e'', and made important contributions to the field of probability.
Line 8: Line 6:
||1907: Đuro Kurepa born ... mathematician. Pic.
||1907: Đuro Kurepa born ... mathematician. Pic.


||Pierre François André Méchain (French pronunciation: ​[pjɛʁ fʁɑ̃swa ɑ̃dʁe meʃɛ̃]; 16 August 1744 – 20 September 1804) was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep sky objects and comets.
||Pierre François André Méchain born ... astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep sky objects and comets. Pic.


File:Arthur Cayley.jpg|link=Arthur Cayley (nonfiction)|1821: Mathematician and academic [[Arthur Cayley (nonfiction)|Arthur Cayley]] born. He will be the first to define the concept of a group in the modern way, as a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws.
File:Arthur Cayley.jpg|link=Arthur Cayley (nonfiction)|1821: Mathematician and academic [[Arthur Cayley (nonfiction)|Arthur Cayley]] born. He will be the first to define the concept of a group in the modern way, as a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws.
||1824: John Simpson Chisum born ... wealthy cattle baron in the American West in the mid-to-late 19th century.  Pic.


||1832: Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt born ... physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the "father of experimental psychology." Pic.
||1832: Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt born ... physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology. Wundt, who noted psychology as a science apart from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. He is widely regarded as the "father of experimental psychology." Pic.


||1836: Marc-Antoine Parseval dies ... mathematician and theorist.
||1836: Marc-Antoine Parseval dies ... mathematician and theorist. No pics online.


||1842: Jakob Rosanes born ... mathematician, chess player, and academic.
||1842: Jakob Rosanes born ... mathematician, chess player, and academic.  Rosanes made significant contributions in Cremona transformations. Pic.


||1845: Gabriel Lippmann born ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.
||1845: Gabriel Lippmann born ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1849: Johan Gustav Christoffer Thorsager Kjeldahl born ... chemist who developed a method for determining the amount of nitrogen in certain organic compounds using a laboratory technique which was named the Kjeldahl method after him. Pic.
||1849: Johan Gustav Christoffer Thorsager Kjeldahl born ... chemist who developed a method for determining the amount of nitrogen in certain organic compounds using a laboratory technique which was named the Kjeldahl method after him. Pic.
Line 26: Line 26:
||1858: U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks ... 1858, Queen Victoria sent the first official telegraph message across the Atlantic Ocean from London to the US. (Test messages had been exchanged for 10 days). Her message to President Buchanan, in Washington DC, began transmission at 10:50am and was completed at 4:30am the next day, taking nearly 18-hrs to reach Newfoundland. With 99 words, consisting of 509 letters, it averaged about 2-min per letter. The message was forwarded across Newfoundland by an overhead wire supported on poles; across Cabot Strait by submarine cable to Aspy Bay (Dingwall), Cape Breton; and by an overhead wire across eastern Canada and Maine, via Boston to New York. This earliest Transatlantic cable went dead within a month.
||1858: U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks ... 1858, Queen Victoria sent the first official telegraph message across the Atlantic Ocean from London to the US. (Test messages had been exchanged for 10 days). Her message to President Buchanan, in Washington DC, began transmission at 10:50am and was completed at 4:30am the next day, taking nearly 18-hrs to reach Newfoundland. With 99 words, consisting of 509 letters, it averaged about 2-min per letter. The message was forwarded across Newfoundland by an overhead wire supported on poles; across Cabot Strait by submarine cable to Aspy Bay (Dingwall), Cape Breton; and by an overhead wire across eastern Canada and Maine, via Boston to New York. This earliest Transatlantic cable went dead within a month.


||1863: Frederic Stanley Kipping born ... chemist. He undertook much of the pioneering work on silicon polymers and coined the term silicone. Pic not Wikipedia: https://www.google.com/search?q=frederick+kipping&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS702US702&oq=Frederick+Kipping&aqs=chrome.0.0j69i60j69i61j0l2.527j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
||1863: Frederic Stanley Kipping born ... chemist. He undertook much of the pioneering work on silicon polymers and coined the term silicone. Pic search.


||1867: Ronald Montagu Burrows born ... English archaeologist who in 1895-96 conducted excavations in southwestern Greece at Pylos and the adjacent island of Sphacteria, revealing remains of Spartan fortifications. These confirmed the battle of 425 BC in the Peloponnesian War recorded by the ancient Athenian historian Thucydides. Burrows was by nature a classicist, whose primary purpose in seeking tangible evidence from the past was to verify ancient texts. At Rhitsona, in Boeotia (1905, 1907), his original goal was to find the temple of Delium, but without success. Instead he found and catalogued artifacts from Boeotian graves dating from the 7th and 6th century B.C. at the necropolis of Mykalessos, near Tanagra. In 1907, he published Recent Discoveries in Crete.
||1867: Ronald Montagu Burrows born ... English archaeologist who in 1895-96 conducted excavations in southwestern Greece at Pylos and the adjacent island of Sphacteria, revealing remains of Spartan fortifications. These confirmed the battle of 425 BC in the Peloponnesian War recorded by the ancient Athenian historian Thucydides. Burrows was by nature a classicist, whose primary purpose in seeking tangible evidence from the past was to verify ancient texts. At Rhitsona, in Boeotia (1905, 1907), his original goal was to find the temple of Delium, but without success. Instead he found and catalogued artifacts from Boeotian graves dating from the 7th and 6th century B.C. at the necropolis of Mykalessos, near Tanagra. In 1907, he published Recent Discoveries in Crete.


||1874: Gerhard Hessenberg ... mathematician. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Berlin in 1899 under the guidance of Hermann Schwarz and Lazarus Fuchs. His name is usually associated with projective geometry, where he is known for proving that Desargues' theorem is a consequence of Pappus's hexagon theorem, and differential geometry where he is known for introducing the concept of a connection.
||1874: Gerhard Hessenberg ... mathematician. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Berlin in 1899 under the guidance of Hermann Schwarz and Lazarus Fuchs. His name is usually associated with projective geometry, where he is known for proving that Desargues' theorem is a consequence of Pappus's hexagon theorem, and differential geometry where he is known for introducing the concept of a connection. Pic search.
 
File:Orcagna scrying engine.jpg|link=Orcagna scrying engine|1883: The [[Orcagna scrying engine]] predicts that "the Father of Science Fiction will be born within a year."


||1884: Hugo Gernsback born ... inventor, writer, editor, and magazine publisher, best known for publications including the first science fiction magazine. Pic.
File:Hugo Gernsback by Bachrach.jpg|link=Hugo Gernsback (nonfiction)|1884: Inventor, writer, editor, and publisher [[Hugo Gernsback (nonfiction)|Hugo Gernsback]] born. He will publish the first science fiction magazine, and have a profound influence on the development of science fiction.


||1886: Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa dies ... mystic and philosopher.
||1886: Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa dies ... mystic and philosopher.


||1888: John Pemberton dies ... pharmacist and chemist, invented Coca-Cola.
||1888: John Pemberton dies ... pharmacist and chemist, invented Coca-Cola. Pic.


||1892: Otto Messmer born ... cartoonist and animator, co-created Felix the Cat.
||1892: Otto Messmer born ... cartoonist and animator, co-created Felix the Cat.


||1893: Jean-Martin Charcot dies ... French neurologist and academic.
||1893: Jean-Martin Charcot dies ... ... neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology. He is best known today for his work on hypnosis and hysteria ... "the founder of modern neurology". Pic.


||1893: Boris Mikhailovich Hessen ... physicist, philosopher and historian of science. He is most famous for his paper on Newton's Principia which became foundational in historiography of science.
||1893: Boris Hessen ... physicist, philosopher and historian of science. He is most famous for his paper on Newton's Principia which became foundational in historiography of science. Pic.


File:Erik Ivar Fredholm.jpg|link=Erik Ivar Fredholm (nonfiction)|1898: Mathematician and crime fighter [[Erik Ivar Fredholm (nonfiction)|Erik Ivar Fredholm]] publishes new class of integral equations which anticipate the use of Hilbert spaces in [[high-energy literature]].  
||1894: Soldier and industrialist Gabriel de Solages dies. After serving in Italy, Germany and Bohemia he began exploiting coal mines on the family property near Carmaux in the Tarn department of southern France. To make use of surplus coal he opened a glass bottle factory and an iron works, and also opened a factory to make shipbuilding supplies. Pic.


File:Robert Bunsen.jpg|link=Robert Bunsen (nonfiction)|1899: Chemist and academic [[Robert Bunsen (nonfiction)|Robert Bunsen]] dies. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861) with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.
File:Robert Bunsen.jpg|link=Robert Bunsen (nonfiction)|1899: Chemist and academic [[Robert Bunsen (nonfiction)|Robert Bunsen]] dies. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861) with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.
|| Pic: https://www.nap.edu/read/10169/chapter/6


||1927: The Dole Air Race begins from Oakland, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii, during which six out of the eight participating planes crash or disappear.
||1927: The Dole Air Race begins from Oakland, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii, during which six out of the eight participating planes crash or disappear.
Line 53: Line 57:


||1905: Marian Adam Rejewski born ... mathematician and cryptologist who reconstructed the Nazi German military Enigma cipher machine sight-unseen in 1932. The cryptologic achievements of Rejewski and colleagues Jerzy Różycki and Henryk Zygalski enabled the British to begin reading German Enigma-encrypted messages at the start of World War II.  Pic.
||1905: Marian Adam Rejewski born ... mathematician and cryptologist who reconstructed the Nazi German military Enigma cipher machine sight-unseen in 1932. The cryptologic achievements of Rejewski and colleagues Jerzy Różycki and Henryk Zygalski enabled the British to begin reading German Enigma-encrypted messages at the start of World War II.  Pic.
||1908: Gerald Maurice Clemence born ... astronomer. Inspired by the life and work of Simon Newcomb, his career paralleled the huge advances in astronomy brought about by the advent of the electronic computer. Clemence did much to revive the prestige of the U.S. Nautical Almanac Office. Pic: https://www.nap.edu/read/10169/chapter/6


||1918: Paul Olum born ... mathematician (algebraic topology), professor of mathematics, and university administrator. Pic.
||1918: Paul Olum born ... mathematician (algebraic topology), professor of mathematics, and university administrator. Pic.
Line 64: Line 70:
||1942: World War II: The two-person crew of the U.S. naval blimp L-8 disappears without a trace on a routine anti-submarine patrol over the Pacific Ocean. The blimp drifts without her crew and crash-lands in Daly City, California.
||1942: World War II: The two-person crew of the U.S. naval blimp L-8 disappears without a trace on a routine anti-submarine patrol over the Pacific Ocean. The blimp drifts without her crew and crash-lands in Daly City, California.


||1957: Irving Langmuir dies ... chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
||1957: Irving Langmuir dies ... chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1960, Captain Joseph W. Kittinger made the longest delayed parachute jump on record when he bailed out of a balloon at 102,800 feet. He dropped 84,700 feet (31,330 m) or 16.04 miles (31.3 km), falling for 4 min 49 sec, before opening his main 28-foot parachute over New Mexico. Before opening his main parachute, his near free-fall was stabilized with a six-foot canopy to prevent a fatal flat spin. During the near free fall, he may have broken the sound barrier, reaching 714 mph (1149 kph) in the rarified air at high altitude. He wore a pressure suit. Layers of clothes gave protection in the sub-zero temperatures. He had proved man could survive a fall in near-space.
||1960, Captain Joseph W. Kittinger made the longest delayed parachute jump on record when he bailed out of a balloon at 102,800 feet. He dropped 84,700 feet (31,330 m) or 16.04 miles (31.3 km), falling for 4 min 49 sec, before opening his main 28-foot parachute over New Mexico. Before opening his main parachute, his near free-fall was stabilized with a six-foot canopy to prevent a fatal flat spin. During the near free fall, he may have broken the sound barrier, reaching 714 mph (1149 kph) in the rarified air at high altitude. He wore a pressure suit. Layers of clothes gave protection in the sub-zero temperatures. He had proved man could survive a fall in near-space.
Line 70: Line 76:
||1966: Vietnam War: The House Un-American Activities Committee begins investigations of Americans who have aided the Viet Cong. The committee intends to introduce legislation making these activities illegal. Anti-war demonstrators disrupt the meeting and 50 people are arrested.
||1966: Vietnam War: The House Un-American Activities Committee begins investigations of Americans who have aided the Viet Cong. The committee intends to introduce legislation making these activities illegal. Anti-war demonstrators disrupt the meeting and 50 people are arrested.


||1973: Selman Waksman dies ... biochemist and microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
||1973: Selman Waksman dies ... biochemist and microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic (lab!).


||1989: A solar flare from the Sun creates a geomagnetic storm that affects micro chips, leading to a halt of all trading on Toronto's stock market.
||1989: A solar flare from the Sun creates a geomagnetic storm that affects micro chips, leading to a halt of all trading on Toronto's stock market.
Line 76: Line 82:
||1995: Thomas Brooke Benjamin dies ... mathematical physicist and mathematician, best known for his work in mathematical analysis and fluid mechanics, especially in applications of nonlinear differential equations. Pic.
||1995: Thomas Brooke Benjamin dies ... mathematical physicist and mathematician, best known for his work in mathematical analysis and fluid mechanics, especially in applications of nonlinear differential equations. Pic.


||2013: David Rees dies ... mathematician and academic.
File:Rabbi Dr. Eliezer (Leon) Ehrenpreis.jpg|link=Leon Ehrenpreis (nonfiction)|2010: Mathematician, academic, and rabbi [[Leon Ehrenpreis (nonfiction)|Eliezer 'Leon' Ehrenpreis]] dies. He proved the Malgrange–Ehrenpreis theorem, the fundamental theorem about differential operators with constant coefficients.
 
||2013: David Rees dies ... professor of pure mathematics at the University of Exeter, having been head of the Mathematics / Mathematical Sciences Department at Exeter for many years. During the Second World War, Rees was active on Enigma research in Hut 6 at Bletchley Park. Pic: http://emps.exeter.ac.uk/mathematics/research/david-rees-fellowship/
 
||2013: Mathematician and academic Bille C. Carlson dies. No wiki, see: https://dlmf.nist.gov/about/bio/BCCarlson https://www-facsen.sws.iastate.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/Memorial%20Resolutions/Memorial%20Resolutions%20December%202013.pdf https://www.google.com/search?q=bille+c.+carlson+mathematician
 
|File:Ultravore.jpg|link=Ultravore|2017: Researchers publish new evidence that "suicide-by-[[Ultravore]]" is on the rise.


File:Ultravore.jpg|link=Ultravore|2017: Researchers publish new evidence that "suicide-by-[[Ultravore]]" is on the rise.
||2015: Jacob Bekenstein dies ... theoretical physicist, astronomer, and academic ... made fundamental contributions to the foundation of black hole thermodynamics and to other aspects of the connections between information and gravitation. Pic.


||2015: Jacob Bekenstein dies ... theoretical physicist, astronomer, and academic ... made fundamental contributions to the foundation of black hole thermodynamics and to other aspects of the connections between information and gravitation.
File:GW170817_spectrograms.png|link=GW170817 (nonfiction)|2017: The upcoming observation of the [[GW170817 (nonfiction)|GW170817]] gravitational wave signal, a significant breakthrough for multi-messenger astronomy, is allegedly hijacked before it can occur by a [[Crimes against astronomical constants|criminal transdimensional corporation]]. An emergency response team of police astronomers and high-energy physicists will locate the corporation and reverse the hijacking, causing the wave and its observation to occur on time.


|File:Exponential-growth-diagram.svg|link=Crimes against mathematical constants|2016: New class of [[Crimes against mathematical constants]] "reduce to well-known [[Crime (nonfiction)|crime]] algorithms."
</gallery>
</gallery>

Latest revision as of 12:08, 7 February 2022

  • 1650: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer Vincenzo Coronelli born. He will gain fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes will be very large and highly detailed.

    1650: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer Vincenzo Coronelli born. He will gain fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes will be very large and highly detailed.

  • 1705: Mathematician Jacob Bernoulli dies. He discovered the fundamental mathematical constant e, and made important contributions to the field of probability.

    1705: Mathematician Jacob Bernoulli dies. He discovered the fundamental mathematical constant e, and made important contributions to the field of probability.

  • 1821: Mathematician and academic Arthur Cayley born. He will be the first to define the concept of a group in the modern way, as a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws.

    1821: Mathematician and academic Arthur Cayley born. He will be the first to define the concept of a group in the modern way, as a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws.

  • 1883: The Orcagna scrying engine predicts that "the Father of Science Fiction will be born within a year."

    1883: The Orcagna scrying engine predicts that "the Father of Science Fiction will be born within a year."

  • 1884: Inventor, writer, editor, and publisher Hugo Gernsback born. He will publish the first science fiction magazine, and have a profound influence on the development of science fiction.

    1884: Inventor, writer, editor, and publisher Hugo Gernsback born. He will publish the first science fiction magazine, and have a profound influence on the development of science fiction.

  • 1899: Chemist and academic Robert Bunsen dies. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861) with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.

    1899: Chemist and academic Robert Bunsen dies. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861) with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.

  • 2010: Mathematician, academic, and rabbi Eliezer 'Leon' Ehrenpreis dies. He proved the Malgrange–Ehrenpreis theorem, the fundamental theorem about differential operators with constant coefficients.

    2010: Mathematician, academic, and rabbi Eliezer 'Leon' Ehrenpreis dies. He proved the Malgrange–Ehrenpreis theorem, the fundamental theorem about differential operators with constant coefficients.

  • 2017: The upcoming observation of the GW170817 gravitational wave signal, a significant breakthrough for multi-messenger astronomy, is allegedly hijacked before it can occur by a criminal transdimensional corporation. An emergency response team of police astronomers and high-energy physicists will locate the corporation and reverse the hijacking, causing the wave and its observation to occur on time.

    2017: The upcoming observation of the GW170817 gravitational wave signal, a significant breakthrough for multi-messenger astronomy, is allegedly hijacked before it can occur by a criminal transdimensional corporation. An emergency response team of police astronomers and high-energy physicists will locate the corporation and reverse the hijacking, causing the wave and its observation to occur on time.

Retrieved from "https://gnomonchronicles.com/w/index.php?title=Template:Selected_anniversaries/August_16&oldid=89687"