Template:Selected anniversaries/December 9: Difference between revisions

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||1048 – Al-Biruni, Persian mathematician (b. 973)
|| *** DONE: Pics ***


||1508 – Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and cartographer (d. 1555)
||1048: Al-Biruni dies ... mathematician. Pic (stamp).


File:Adriaan Metius.jpg|link=Adriaan Metius (nonfiction)|1571: Mathematician and astronomer [[Adriaan Metius (nonfiction)|Adriaan Metius]] born. He will manufacture precision astronomical instruments, and published treatises on the astrolabe and on surveying.
File:Reinerus Frisius Gemma, by Maarten van Heemskerck.jpg|link=Gemma Frisius (nonfiction)|1508: Physician, mathematician, and cartographer [[Gemma Frisius (nonfiction)|Gemma Frisius]] born. He will create important globes, improve the mathematical instruments of his day, and apply mathematics to surveying and navigation in new ways.


File:Cornelius Drebbel.jpg|link=Cornelius Drebbel (nonfiction)|1601: Submarine inventor [[Cornelius Drebbel (nonfiction)|Cornelius Drebbel]] advises Dutch navy to "attack [[Neptune Slaughter]] on sight."
File:Adriaan Metius.jpg|link=Adriaan Metius (nonfiction)|1571: Mathematician and astronomer [[Adriaan Metius (nonfiction)|Adriaan Metius]] born. He will manufacture precision astronomical instruments, and publish treatises on the astrolabe and on surveying.


||1667 – William Whiston, English mathematician, historian, and theologian (d. 1752)
||1667: William Whiston born ... mathematician, historian, and theologian. Pic.


File:Vincenzo Coronelli.jpg|link=Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|1718: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer [[Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|Vincenzo Coronelli]] dies. He gained fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes are very large and highly detailed.
File:Vincenzo Coronelli.jpg|link=Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|1718: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer [[Vincenzo Coronelli (nonfiction)|Vincenzo Coronelli]] dies. He gained fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes are very large and highly detailed.


||Carl Wilhelm Scheele (b. 9 December 1742) was a Swedish Pomeranian and German pharmaceutical chemist. He made a number of chemical discoveries before others who are generally given the credit. For example, Scheele discovered oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), and identified molybdenum, tungsten, barium, hydrogen, and chlorine before Humphry Davy, among others. Pic.
||1742: Carl Wilhelm Scheele born ... pharmaceutical chemist. He made a number of chemical discoveries before others who are generally given the credit. For example, Scheele discovered oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), and identified molybdenum, tungsten, barium, hydrogen, and chlorine before Humphry Davy, among others. Pic.


||1748 – Claude Louis Berthollet, French chemist and academic (d. 1822) Claude Louis Berthollet (9 December 1748 in Talloires, France – 6 November 1822 in Arcueil, France) was a Savoyard-French chemist who became vice president of the French Senate in 1804.[1] He is known for his scientific contributions to theory of chemical equilibria via the mechanism of reverse chemical reactions, and for his contribution to modern chemical nomenclature.  
||1748: Claude Louis Berthollet born ... chemist and academic ... became vice president of the French Senate in 1804. He is known for his scientific contributions to theory of chemical equilibria via the mechanism of reverse chemical reactions, and for his contribution to modern chemical nomenclature. Pic.


||1752 – Antoine Étienne de Tousard, French general and engineer (d. 1813)
||1752: Antoine Étienne de Tousard born ... general and engineer. No pics online.


||1779 – Tabitha Babbitt, American tool maker and inventor (d. ca. 1853)
||1779: Tabitha Babbitt born ... tool maker and inventor. Pics online unreliable, consult library.


||1793 – New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster.
||1793: New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster. Pic.


||1813 – Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist and physicist (d. 1885)
||1813: Thomas Andrews born ... chemist and physicist. Pic.


File:Golding Bird.jpg|link=Golding Bird (nonfiction)|1814: Physician [[Golding Bird (nonfiction)|Golding Bird]] born. He will pioneer the medical use of electricity.
File:Golding Bird.jpg|link=Golding Bird (nonfiction)|1814: Physician [[Golding Bird (nonfiction)|Golding Bird]] born. He will pioneer the medical use of electricity.


||1830 – Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher, Danish surgeon, botanist, and academic (b. 1757)
||1830: Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher dies ... surgeon, botanist, and academic. No reliable pic online, consult library.


||Karl Nikolaus Adalbert Krueger (b. 9 December 1832) was a German astronomer. Born in Marienburg, Prussia (now Malbork, Poland), he was editor of Astronomische Nachrichten from 1881 until his death.
||1832: Adalbert Krueger born ... astronomer. Born in Marienburg, Prussia (now Malbork, Poland), he was editor of ''Astronomische Nachrichten'' from 1881 until his death. Pic.


||Gustav Roch (b. 9 December 1839) was a German mathematician who made significant contributions to the theory of Riemann surfaces in a career that ended when he died at the age of 26. Pic.
||1839: Gustav Roch born ... mathematician who made significant contributions to the theory of Riemann surfaces in a career that ended when he died at the age of 26. Pic.


File:LED Traffic Light.jpg|link=Traffic light (nonfiction)|1868: The first [[Traffic light (nonfiction)|traffic lights]] are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
||1867: Johann Nicolaus von Dreyse born ... firearms inventor and manufacturer. He is most famous for submitting the Dreyse needle gun in 1836 to the Prussian army. Pic.


File:Fritz Haber.png|link=Fritz Haber (nonfiction)|1868: Chemist [[Fritz Haber (nonfiction)|Fritz Haber]] born. He will receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.
|File:LED Traffic Light.jpg|link=Traffic light (nonfiction)|1868: The first [[Traffic light (nonfiction)|traffic lights]] are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.


||Carl Culmann (d. 9 December 1881) was a German structural engineer. Pic.
File:Fritz Haber.png|link=Fritz Haber (nonfiction)|1868: Chemist [[Fritz Haber (nonfiction)|Fritz Haber]] born. He will receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. Haber will also do pioneering work in chemical warfare, weaponizing chlorine and other poisonous gases during World War I.
 
||1881: Carl Culmann dies ... structural engineer. Pic.


File:Nikolai Luzin stamp.jpg|link=Nikolai Luzin (nonfiction)|1883: Mathematician, theorist, and academic [[Nikolai Luzin (nonfiction)|Nikolai Luzin]] born. He will contribute to descriptive set theory and aspects of mathematical analysis with strong connections to point-set topology.
File:Nikolai Luzin stamp.jpg|link=Nikolai Luzin (nonfiction)|1883: Mathematician, theorist, and academic [[Nikolai Luzin (nonfiction)|Nikolai Luzin]] born. He will contribute to descriptive set theory and aspects of mathematical analysis with strong connections to point-set topology.


||1897 – Activist Marguerite Durand founds the feminist daily newspaper ''La Fronde'' in Paris.
||1886: Clarence Birdseye born ...  inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, and is considered to be the founder of the modern frozen food industry. Pic.
 
||1897: Activist Marguerite Durand founds the feminist daily newspaper ''La Fronde'' in Paris. Pic.
 
||1898: Emmett Kelly born ... American clown and actor. Pic.
 
||1902: Hans Wilhelm Eduard Schwerdtfeger born ... mathematician who worked in Galois theory, matrix theory, theory of groups and their geometries, and complex analysis. Pic.


||1898 – Emmett Kelly, American clown and actor (d. 1979)
File:Dalton Trumbo prison 1950.jpg|link=Dalton Trumbo (nonfiction)|1905: Screenwriter and novelist [[Dalton Trumbo (nonfiction)|Dalton Trumbo]] born. He will be blacklisted for refusing testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947; while blacklisted, he will win Academy Awards for two films: ''Roman Holiday'', attributed to a front author, and ''The Brave One'' under the pseudonym Robert Rich.


||Hans Wilhelm Eduard Schwerdtfeger (b. 9 December 1902) was a German-Canadian-Australian mathematician who worked in Galois theory, matrix theory, theory of groups and their geometries, and complex analysis. Pic.
||1905: Emanuel Sperner born ... mathematician. He proposed Sperner's theorem, which says that the size of an antichain in the power set of an n-set (a Sperner family) is at most the middle binomial coefficient(s). Pic.


File:Dalton Trumbo prison 1950.jpg|link=Dalton Trumbo (nonfiction)|1905: Screenwriter and novelist [[Dalton Trumbo (nonfiction)|Dalton Trumbo]] born.
||1905: Herbert Fröhlich born ... physicist. Fröhlich proposed a theory of coherent excitations in biological systems known as Fröhlich coherence. A system that attains this state of coherence is known as a Fröhlich condensate. Pic.


||Emanuel Sperner (b. 9 December 1905) was a German mathematician. He proposed Sperner's theorem, which says that the size of an antichain in the power set of an n-set (a Sperner family) is at most the middle binomial coefficient(s).
File:Commodore Grace M. Hopper, USN.jpg|link=Grace Hopper (nonfiction)|1906: Computer scientist and Admiral [[Grace Hopper (nonfiction)|Grace Hopper]] born. She will pioneer computer programming techniques, inventing one of the first compilers, and popularizing machine-independent programming languages (leading to the development of COBOL).


||1906 – Grace Hopper, American admiral and computer scientist, designed COBOL (d. 1992)
||1907: Max Deuring born ... mathematician. He is known for his work in arithmetic geometry, in particular on elliptic curves in characteristic p. He worked also in analytic number theory. Pic.


||Max Deuring (b. 9 December 1907) was a mathematician. He is known for his work in arithmetic geometry, in particular on elliptic curves in characteristic p. He worked also in analytic number theory.
||1916: Irving John Good born ... mathematician who worked as a cryptologist at Bletchley Park with Alan Turing. After World War II, Good continued to work with Turing on the design of computers and Bayesian statistics at the University of Manchester. Pic.


||1917 – James Jesus Angleton, American CIA agent (d. 1987)
||1917: James Jesus Angleton born ... CIA agent. Pic.


||1917 – James Rainwater, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
||1917: James Rainwater born ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


File:Georg Cantor 1894.png|link=Georg Cantor (nonfiction)|1917: Mathematician and philosopher [[Georg Cantor (nonfiction)|Georg Cantor]] publishes new [[Set theory (nonfiction)|theory of sets]] derived from [[Gnomon algorithm functions]]. Colleagues hail it as "a magisterial contribution to science and art of detecting and preventing [[crimes against mathematical constants]]."
||1919: William Lipscomb born ... chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1919 – William Lipscomb, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
||1926: Henry Way Kendall born ... physicist, photographer, and mountaineer, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1926 – Henry Way Kendall, American physicist, photographer, and mountaineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
||1936: Juan de la Cierva y Codorníu, 1st Count of la Cierva dies ... civil engineer, pilot and aeronautical engineer. His most famous accomplishment was the invention in 1920 of the Autogyro. Pic.


||1937 – Gustaf Dalén, Swedish physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
||1937: Gustaf Dalén dies ... physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


|File:D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson.jpg|link=D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (nonfiction)|1941: [[D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (nonfiction)|D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson]] invents new class of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]].
||1946: The "Subsequent Nuremberg trials" begin with the "Doctors' trial", prosecuting physicians and officers alleged to be involved in Nazi human experimentation and mass murder under the guise of euthanasia.


||1946 – The "Subsequent Nuremberg trials" begin with the "Doctors' trial", prosecuting physicians and officers alleged to be involved in Nazi human experimentation and mass murder under the guise of euthanasia.
||1938: Robin John Popplestone born ... pioneer in the fields of machine intelligence and robotics. He is known for developing the COWSEL and POP programming languages, and for his work on Freddy II. Pic.


|File:Hollywood Ten await fingerprinting.jpg|link=Hollywood Ten (nonfiction)|1947: The [[Hollywood Ten (nonfiction)|Hollywood Ten]] pose for [[human logic gate (nonfiction)|human logic gate]] program.
||1950: Cold War: Harry Gold is sentenced to 30 years in jail for helping Klaus Fuchs pass information about the Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union. His testimony is later instrumental in the prosecution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. Pic.


||Robin John Popplestone (b. 9 December 1938) was a pioneer in the fields of machine intelligence and robotics. He is known for developing the COWSEL and POP programming languages, and for his work on Freddy II. Pic.
||1953: Red Scare: General Electric announces that all communist employees will be discharged from the company.


||1950 – Cold War: Harry Gold is sentenced to 30 years in jail for helping Klaus Fuchs pass information about the Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union. His testimony is later instrumental in the prosecution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.
||1962: The Petrified Forest National Park is established in Arizona.


||1953 – Red Scare: General Electric announces that all communist employees will be discharged from the company.
||1965: Kecksburg UFO incident: A fireball is seen from Michigan to Pennsylvania; witnesses report something crashing in the woods near Pittsburgh. In 2005 NASA admits that it examined the object.


||1962 – The Petrified Forest National Park is established in Arizona.
||1965: ''A Charlie Brown Christmas'', first in a series of Peanuts television specials, debuts on CBS.


||1965 – Kecksburg UFO incident: A fireball is seen from Michigan to Pennsylvania; witnesses report something crashing in the woods near Pittsburgh. In 2005 NASA admits that it examined the object.
||1968: Enoch L. Johnson born ...  Atlantic City, New Jersey political boss, Sheriff of Atlantic County, New Jersey, businessman, and racketeer. He was the undisputed "boss" of the political machine that controlled Atlantic City and the Atlantic County government from the 1910s until his conviction and imprisonment in 1941. His rule encompassed the Roaring Twenties when Atlantic City was at the height of its popularity as a refuge from Prohibition. In addition to bootlegging, his organization was also involved in gambling and prostitution. Pic.


||1965 – ''A Charlie Brown Christmas'', first in a series of Peanuts television specials, debuts on CBS.
||1968: Douglas Engelbart gave what became known as "The Mother of All Demos", publicly debuting the computer mouse, hypertext, and the bit-mapped graphical user interface using the oN-Line System (NLS). Pic.


||1968 – Enoch L. Johnson, American mob boss (b. 1883)
||1974: Joseph Gilbert Hoffman dies ... physicist and biophysicist who brought atomic isotopes into the battle against cancer. During WW II, he developed a radio proximity fuse and later was a health-physics scientist with "Manhattan Project." Hoffman studied nine accident victims of radiation disease at Los Alamos in Aug 1945 and May 1946. This research revealed for the first time that atoms of living human tissue could be transformed into radioactive atoms. He recognized "a completely new approach to studying the metabolism of atoms in living tissue and a new way of probing the complicated system of gene cells that determine heredity," and such knowledge was indispensable to understanding the mysteries of cancer research in which he engaged for the rest of his life. Pic: https://www.todayinsci.com/8/8_19.htm


||1968 – Douglas Engelbart gave what became known as "The Mother of All Demos", publicly debuting the computer mouse, hypertext, and the bit-mapped graphical user interface using the oN-Line System (NLS).
||1974: Dr. Walter Guyton Cady dies ... physicist and electrical engineer. He was a pioneer in piezoelectricity, and in 1921 developed the first quartz crystal oscillator. Pic: https://ieee-uffc.org/about-us/history/walter-guyton-cady-memorial-page/


||1979 – The eradication of the smallpox virus is certified, making smallpox the first and to date only human disease driven to extinction.
||1979: The eradication of the smallpox virus is certified, making smallpox the first and to date only human disease driven to extinction.


||Martin Nodell (d. December 9, 2006) was an American cartoonist and commercial artist, best known as the creator of the Golden Age superhero Green Lantern.
||2006: Martin Nodell dies ... cartoonist and commercial artist, best known as the creator of the Golden Age superhero Green Lantern. Pic.


||Jack Kenneth Hale (died 9 December 2009) was an American mathematician working primarily in the field of dynamical systems and functional differential equations.  
||2009: Jack Kenneth Hale dies ... mathematician working primarily in the field of dynamical systems and functional differential equations. Pic: http://math.gatech.edu/hg/item/589462


||2012 – Norman Joseph Woodland, American inventor, co-created the bar code (b. 1921)
||2012: Norman Joseph Woodland dies ... inventor, co-created the bar code. Pic.


||Marc Yor (d. 9 January 2014) was a French mathematician well known for his work on stochastic processes, especially properties of semimartingales, Brownian motion and other Lévy processes, the Bessel processes, and their applications to mathematical finance. Pic.
||2012: Patrick Moore dies ... astronomer and television host. Pic.


File:Cryptographic numen modelled as nano-wire.jpg|link=Cryptographic numen|2014: [[Cryptographic numen]] modeled in nanowire, functions as cluster of tiny [[scrying engines]].
||2014: Marc Yor dies ... mathematician well known for his work on stochastic processes, especially properties of semimartingales, Brownian motion and other Lévy processes, the Bessel processes, and their applications to mathematical finance. Pic.


||2015 – Norman Breslow, American statistician and academic (b. 1941)
||2015: Norman Breslow dies ... statistician and academic. Pic.


|File:Comparison_of_bergamot_oils_using_GC-MS_analysis_with_enantiomeric_column.png|2016: Cold weather depresses [[Bergamot essential oil (nonfiction)|Bergamot oil]] market, industry analysts predict spike in [[Chromatography (nonfiction)|gas chromatography]] prices.
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Latest revision as of 17:09, 7 February 2022

  • 1508: Physician, mathematician, and cartographer Gemma Frisius born. He will create important globes, improve the mathematical instruments of his day, and apply mathematics to surveying and navigation in new ways.

    1508: Physician, mathematician, and cartographer Gemma Frisius born. He will create important globes, improve the mathematical instruments of his day, and apply mathematics to surveying and navigation in new ways.

  • 1571: Mathematician and astronomer Adriaan Metius born. He will manufacture precision astronomical instruments, and publish treatises on the astrolabe and on surveying.

    1571: Mathematician and astronomer Adriaan Metius born. He will manufacture precision astronomical instruments, and publish treatises on the astrolabe and on surveying.

  • 1718: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer Vincenzo Coronelli dies. He gained fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes are very large and highly detailed.

    1718: Monk, cosmographer, and cartographer Vincenzo Coronelli dies. He gained fame for his atlases and globes; some of the globes are very large and highly detailed.

  • 1814: Physician Golding Bird born. He will pioneer the medical use of electricity.

    1814: Physician Golding Bird born. He will pioneer the medical use of electricity.

  • 1868: Chemist Fritz Haber born. He will receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. Haber will also do pioneering work in chemical warfare, weaponizing chlorine and other poisonous gases during World War I.

    1868: Chemist Fritz Haber born. He will receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. Haber will also do pioneering work in chemical warfare, weaponizing chlorine and other poisonous gases during World War I.

  • 1883: Mathematician, theorist, and academic Nikolai Luzin born. He will contribute to descriptive set theory and aspects of mathematical analysis with strong connections to point-set topology.

    1883: Mathematician, theorist, and academic Nikolai Luzin born. He will contribute to descriptive set theory and aspects of mathematical analysis with strong connections to point-set topology.

  • 1905: Screenwriter and novelist Dalton Trumbo born. He will be blacklisted for refusing testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947; while blacklisted, he will win Academy Awards for two films: Roman Holiday, attributed to a front author, and The Brave One under the pseudonym Robert Rich.

    1905: Screenwriter and novelist Dalton Trumbo born. He will be blacklisted for refusing testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947; while blacklisted, he will win Academy Awards for two films: Roman Holiday, attributed to a front author, and The Brave One under the pseudonym Robert Rich.

  • 1906: Computer scientist and Admiral Grace Hopper born. She will pioneer computer programming techniques, inventing one of the first compilers, and popularizing machine-independent programming languages (leading to the development of COBOL).

    1906: Computer scientist and Admiral Grace Hopper born. She will pioneer computer programming techniques, inventing one of the first compilers, and popularizing machine-independent programming languages (leading to the development of COBOL).

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