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| ||1669 – Citing poor eyesight, Samuel Pepys records the last event in his diary. | | File:Termómetro_Christin_1743.jpg|link=Jean-Pierre Christin (nonfiction)|1683: Physicist, mathematician, and astronomer '''[[Jean-Pierre Christin (nonfiction)|Jean-Pierre Christin]]''' born. He will invent the Celsius thermometer. |
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| ||1683 – Jean-Pierre Christin, French physicist, mathematician, and astronomer, invented the Celsius thermometer (d. 1755) | | File:Samuel Bentham.jpg|link=Samuel Bentham (nonfiction)|1831: Engineer and naval architect '''[[Samuel Bentham (nonfiction)|Samuel Bentham]]''' dies. He designed the first Panopticon. |
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| File:Samuel Bentham.jpg|link=Samuel Bentham (nonfiction)|1831: Engineer and naval architect [[Samuel Bentham (nonfiction)|Samuel Bentham]] dies. He designed the first Panopticon. | | File:Evariste Galois.jpg|link=Évariste Galois (nonfiction)|1832: Mathematician and social activist '''[[Évariste Galois (nonfiction)|Évariste Galois]]''' from wounds suffered in a duel. While still in his teens, he was able to determine a necessary and sufficient condition for a polynomial to be solvable by radicals, thereby solving a problem standing for 350 years. His work laid the foundations for Galois theory and group theory, two major branches of abstract algebra, and the subfield of Galois connections. |
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| ||1832 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician and theorist (b. 1811) | | File:Chien-Shiung Wu 1958.jpg|link=Chien-Shiung Wu (nonfiction)|1912: Physicist '''[[Chien-Shiung Wu (nonfiction)|Chien-Shiung Wu]]''' born. She will conduct the Wu experiment, which will contradict the law of conservation of parity, proving that parity is not conserved. |
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| File:Karl Georg Christian von Staudt.jpg|link=Karl Georg Christian von Staudt (nonfiction)|1836: Mathematician and crime-fighter [[Karl Georg Christian von Staudt (nonfiction)|Karl Georg Christian von Staudt]] publishes new class of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]] based on synthetic geometry to provide a foundation for detecting and preventing [[crimes against mathematical constants]]. | | File:Ely sunset (31 May 2023) 20230531-212555.jpg|link=Ely sunset (31 May 2023)|2023: '''[[Ely sunset (31 May 2023)]]'''. |
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| ||George Green (d. 31 May 1841) was a British mathematical physicist who wrote An Essay on the Application of Mathematical Analysis to the Theories of Electricity and Magnetism (Green, 1828).[2] The essay introduced several important concepts, among them a theorem similar to the modern Green's theorem, the idea of potential functions as currently used in physics, and the concept of what are now called Green's functions. Green was the first person to create a mathematical theory of electricity and magnetism and his theory formed the foundation for the work of other scientists
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| ||1852 – Julius Richard Petri, German microbiologist, invented the Petri dish (d. 1921)
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| ||1859 – The clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, which houses Big Ben, starts keeping time.
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| ||1889 – Johnstown Flood: Over 2,200 people die after a dam fails and sends a 60-foot (18-meter) wall of water over the town of Johnstown, Pennsylvania.
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| ||1909 – The National Negro Committee, forerunner to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), convenes for the first time.
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| ||1911 – Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
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| File:Chien-Shiung Wu 1958.jpg|link=Chien-Shiung Wu (nonfiction)|1912: Physicist [[Chien-Shiung Wu (nonfiction)|Chien-Shiung Wu]] born. She will conduct the Wu experiment, which will contradict the hypothetical law of conservation of parity.
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| ||1918 – Lloyd Quarterman, African American chemist (d. 1982)
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| ||1921 – Tulsa race riot: civil unrest in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The official death toll was given as 39, but other estimates of black fatalities vary from 55 to about 300.
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| ||1927 – The last Ford Model T rolls off the assembly line after a production run of 15,007,003 vehicles.
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| ||1932 – Jay Miner, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 1994)
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| ||1942 – World War II: Imperial Japanese Navy midget submarines begin a series of attacks on Sydney, Australia.
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| ||Orange Herald was a British nuclear weapon, tested on 31 May 1957. At the time it was reported as a H-bomb, although in fact it was a large boosted fission weapon.
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| ||1976 – Jacques Monod, French biologist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
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| ||1986 – James Rainwater, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
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| ||Erich Kähler (d. 31 May 2000) was a German mathematician with wide-ranging interests in geometry and mathematical physics, who laid important mathematical groundwork for algebraic geometry and for string theory. Pic.
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| ||2005 – Vanity Fair reveals that Mark Felt was "Deep Throat".
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| ||2006 – Raymond Davis, Jr., American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
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| ||2013 – The asteroid 1998 QE2 and its moon make their closest approach to Earth for the next two centuries.
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| ||2013 – Gerald E. Brown, American physicist and academic (b. 1926)
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| ||2013 – Tim Samaras, American engineer and storm chaser (b. 1957)
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