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| File:Thomas Fincke.jpg|link=Thomas Fincke (nonfiction)|1579: Mathematician and physicist [[Thomas Fincke (nonfiction)|Thomas Fincke]] invents new type of [[scrying engine]] which pre-visualizes tangents and secants. He will use the engine to detect and expose [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
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| File:Johannes Kepler 1610.jpg|link=Johannes Kepler (nonfiction)|1618: [[Johannes Kepler (nonfiction)|Johannes Kepler]] confirms his previously rejected discovery of the third law of planetary motion (he first discovered it on March 8 but soon rejected the idea after some initial calculations were made). | | File:Johannes Kepler 1610.jpg|link=Johannes Kepler (nonfiction)|1618: [[Johannes Kepler (nonfiction)|Johannes Kepler]] confirms his previously rejected discovery of the third law of planetary motion (he first discovered it on March 8 but soon rejected the idea after some initial calculations were made). |
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| ||1718 – James Puckle, a London lawyer, patents the world's first machine gun.
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| ||1720 – Maximilian Hell, Hungarian priest and astronomer (d. 1792)
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| ||1773 – Alban Butler, English priest and hagiographer (b. 1710)
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| ||1793 – Diego Marín Aguilera flies a glider for "about 360 meters", at a height of 5–6 meters, during one of the first attempted manned flights.
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| File:Joseph Ludwig Raabe.jpg|link=Joseph Ludwig Raabe (nonfiction)|1801: Mathematician [[Joseph Ludwig Raabe (nonfiction)|Joseph Ludwig Raabe]] born. He will discover Raabe's ratio test, which determines the convergence or divergence of an infinite series, in some cases. | | File:Joseph Ludwig Raabe.jpg|link=Joseph Ludwig Raabe (nonfiction)|1801: Mathematician [[Joseph Ludwig Raabe (nonfiction)|Joseph Ludwig Raabe]] born. He will discover Raabe's ratio test, which determines the convergence or divergence of an infinite series, in some cases. |
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| File:Francis Baily.jpg|link=Francis Baily (nonfiction)|1836: Astronomer [[Francis Baily (nonfiction)|Francis Baily]] observes "Baily's beads" during an annular eclipse. | | File:Francis Baily.jpg|link=Francis Baily (nonfiction)|1836: Astronomer [[Francis Baily (nonfiction)|Francis Baily]] observes "Baily's beads" during an annular eclipse. |
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| ||1857 – Williamina Fleming, Scottish-American astronomer and academic (d. 1911)
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| ||1859 – Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1906)
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| ||Cassius Jackson Keyser (b. May 15, 1862) was an American mathematician
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| File:Asclepius Myrmidon Prepares for Emergency Field Surgery.jpg|link=Asclepius Myrmidon Prepares for Emergency Field Surgery|1864: ''Asclepius Myrmidon Prepares for Emergency Field Surgery'' incorporated into army medical manuals on both sides of the American Civil War.
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| File:Euclid's algorithm.svg|link=Algorithm (nonfiction)|1888: Council of [[Algorithm (nonfiction)|algorithms]] announces plans to fund and build a Museum of Algorithms.
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| ||1891 – Fritz Feigl, Austrian-Brazilian chemist and academic (d. 1971)
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| ||1900 – Ida Rhodes, American mathematician, pioneer in computer programming (d. 1986)
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| ||1902 – Sigizmund Levanevsky, Soviet aircraft pilot of Polish origin (d. 1937)
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| ||1903 – Maria Reiche, German mathematician and archaeologist (d. 1998)
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| ||1904 – Russo-Japanese War: The Russian minelayer Amur lays a minefield about 15 miles off Port Arthur and sinks Japan's battleships Hatsuse, 15,000 tons, with 496 crew and Yashima.
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| ||1911 – In Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, the United States Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act and orders the company to be broken up.
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| ||1919 – The Winnipeg general strike begins. By 11:00, almost the whole working population of Winnipeg had walked off the job
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| ||1928 – Walt Disney character Mickey Mouse premieres in his first cartoon, "Plane Crazy".
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| ||1932 – In an attempted coup d'état, the Prime Minister of Japan Inukai Tsuyoshi is assassinated.
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| ||1933 – All military aviation organizations within, or under the control of, the RLM of Germany were officially merged in a covert manner, to form its Wehrmacht military's air arm, the Luftwaffe.
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| ||1934 – Kārlis Ulmanis establishes an authoritarian government in Latvia.
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| ||1956 – Austin Osman Spare, English painter and magician (b. 1886)
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| ||1957 – At Malden Island in the Pacific Ocean, Britain tests its first hydrogen bomb in Operation Grapple.
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| ||1958 – The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 3.
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| ||Alexander Forbes Irvine Forbes (d. May 15, 1959) was a South African astronomer.
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| ||1960 – The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 4.
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| ||1963 – Project Mercury: The launch of the final Mercury mission, Mercury-Atlas 9 with astronaut Gordon Cooper on board. He becomes the first American to spend more than a day in space, and the last American to go into space alone.
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| ||1972 – In Laurel, Maryland, Arthur Bremer shoots and paralyzes Alabama Governor George Wallace while he is campaigning to become President.
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| ||Captain, U.S.N. Laurance Frye Safford (d. May 15, 1973) was a U.S. Navy cryptologist. He established the Naval cryptologic organization after World War I, and headed the effort more or less constantly until shortly after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. His identification with the Naval effort was so close that he was the Friedman of the Navy.
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| ||1991 – Andreas Floer, German mathematician and academic (b. 1956)
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| ||Camillo Herbert Grötzsch (d. 15 May 1993) was a German mathematician. He was born in Döbeln and died in Halle. Grötzsch worked in graph theory. He was the discoverer and eponym of the Grötzsch graph, a triangle-free graph that requires four colors in any graph coloring, and Grötzsch's theorem, the result that every triangle-free planar graph requires at most three colors.
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