Template:Selected anniversaries/December 31: Difference between revisions

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||1514 – Andreas Vesalius, Belgian anatomist, physician, and author (d. 1564)
||1491: Jacques Cartier born ... navigator and explorer. Pic.


||1552 – Simon Forman, English occultist and astrologer (d. 1611)
||1514: Andreas Vesalius born ... anatomist, physician, and author. Pic.
 
||1552: Simon Forman born ... occultist and astrologer. Pic (fierce!).


File:Ludolf van Ceulen.jpg|link=Ludolph van Ceulen (nonfiction)|1610: Mathematician and fencer [[Ludolph van Ceulen (nonfiction)|Ludolph van Ceulen]] dies. He spent a major part of his life calculating the numerical value of the mathematical constant π.
File:Ludolf van Ceulen.jpg|link=Ludolph van Ceulen (nonfiction)|1610: Mathematician and fencer [[Ludolph van Ceulen (nonfiction)|Ludolph van Ceulen]] dies. He spent a major part of his life calculating the numerical value of the mathematical constant π.


||1679 – Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, Italian physiologist and physicist (b. 1608) Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (d. 31 December 1679) was a Renaissance Italian physiologist, physicist, and mathematician. He contributed to the modern principle of scientific investigation by continuing Galileo's practice of testing hypotheses against observation.
||1668: Botanist, chemist, Christian humanist, and physician Herman Boerhaave born. He is regarded as the founder of clinical teaching and of the modern academic hospital and is sometimes referred to as "the father of physiology." Pic.


||1691 – Robert Boyle, Irish chemist and physicist (b. 1627)
||1679: Giovanni Alfonso Borelli dies ... physiologist and physicist ... contributed to the modern principle of scientific investigation by continuing Galileo's practice of testing hypotheses against observation. Pic.


||1714 – Arima Yoriyuki, Japanese mathematician and educator (d. 1783)
File:Giovanni Alfonso Borelli.jpg|link=Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (nonfiction)|1679: Physiologist, physicist, and mathematician [[Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (nonfiction)|Giovanni Alfonso Borelli]] dies. He contributed to the modern principle of scientific investigation by continuing Galileo's practice of testing hypotheses against observation.


||1719 – John Flamsteed, English astronomer and academic (b. 1646)
||1691: Robert Boyle dies ... chemist and physicist. Pic.


File:Johann Bernoulli.jpg|link=|1738: Mathematician and crime-fighter [[Johann Bernoulli (nonfiction)|Johann Bernouli]] publishes new theory of infinitesimal calculus which has applications in detecting and preventing [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
||1714: Arima Yoriyuki born ... mathematician and educator. Pic.


||1776 – Johann Spurzheim, German-American physician and phrenologist (d. 1832)
||1719: John Flamsteed dies ... astronomer and academic. Pic.


||1811: Patrick Wilson (generally known as Peter Wilson) astronomer, type-founder, mathematician and meteorologist dies.
||1776: Johann Spurzheim born ... physician and leading phrenologist. Pic.
 
||1789: Claude "Claudius" Crozet born ... soldier, educator, and civil engineer.  He will work as a professor of engineering at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York; during this time he will (by some accounts) be the first to use the chalkboard as an instructional tool. Pic.
 
||1811: Patrick Wilson (generally known as Peter Wilson) astronomer, type-founder, mathematician and meteorologist dies. Pic: cameo bust.


File:Crystal_palace_iguanodon.jpg|link=Crystal Palace Dinosaurs (nonfiction)|1853: Banquet held in the mould of the [[Crystal Palace Dinosaurs (nonfiction)|Crystal Palace Iguanodon]].
File:Crystal_palace_iguanodon.jpg|link=Crystal Palace Dinosaurs (nonfiction)|1853: Banquet held in the mould of the [[Crystal Palace Dinosaurs (nonfiction)|Crystal Palace Iguanodon]].
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|File:Vandal Savage solar eclipse.jpg|link=Vandal Savage (nonfiction)|1854: [[Vandal Savage (nonfiction)|Vandal Savage]] uses solar eclipse to wish you a Happy New Year.
|File:Vandal Savage solar eclipse.jpg|link=Vandal Savage (nonfiction)|1854: [[Vandal Savage (nonfiction)|Vandal Savage]] uses solar eclipse to wish you a Happy New Year.


||1864 – Robert Grant Aitken, American astronomer and academic (d. 1951)
||1864: Robert Grant Aitken born ... astronomer and academic. Aitkin systematically study of double stars, measuring their positions and calculating their orbits around one another. From 1899, in collaboration with W. J. Hussey, he methodically created a very large catalog of such stars. Pic.


||James David Forbes FRS FRSE FGS (d. 31 December 1868) was a Scottish physicist and glaciologist who worked extensively on the conduction of heat and seismology. He invented the seismometer.
||1868: James David Forbes ... physicist and glaciologist who worked extensively on the conduction of heat and seismology. He invented the seismometer. Pic.


||1878 – Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
||1872: Onorato Nicoletti dies ... mathematician. He published works in various fields of mathematics, including numerical analysis, infinitesmal analysis, the equations related to hermitian matrices, and differential equations.  Pic.
 
||1812: Photographer Adolphe Braun dies ... best known for his floral still lifes, Parisian street scenes, and grand Alpine landscapes. One of the most influential French photographers of the 19th century, he used contemporary innovations in photographic reproduction to market his photographs worldwide. In his later years, he used photographic techniques to reproduce famous works of art, which helped advance the field of art history. Pic.
 
||1878: Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879. Pic.


File:Thomas Edison.jpg|link=Thomas Edison (nonfiction)|1879: [[Thomas Edison (nonfiction)|Thomas Edison]] demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time, in Menlo Park, New Jersey.
File:Thomas Edison.jpg|link=Thomas Edison (nonfiction)|1879: [[Thomas Edison (nonfiction)|Thomas Edison]] demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time, in Menlo Park, New Jersey.
||1891: Xavier Vallat born ... French politician, was Commissioner-General for Jewish Questions in the wartime Vichy collaborationist government, and was sentenced after World War II to ten years in prison for his part in the persecution of French Jews. Pic (freaky eye patch).


File:Thomas Joannes Stieltjes.jpg|link=Thomas Joannes Stieltjes (nonfiction)|1894: Mathematician [[Thomas Joannes Stieltjes (nonfiction)|Thomas Joannes Stieltjes]] dies. He worked on almost all branches of analysis, continued fractions and number theory, and was called "the father of the analytic theory of continued fractions."
File:Thomas Joannes Stieltjes.jpg|link=Thomas Joannes Stieltjes (nonfiction)|1894: Mathematician [[Thomas Joannes Stieltjes (nonfiction)|Thomas Joannes Stieltjes]] dies. He worked on almost all branches of analysis, continued fractions and number theory, and was called "the father of the analytic theory of continued fractions."


||Carl Ludwig Siegel (b. December 31, 1896) was a German mathematician specialising in number theory and celestial mechanics. He is known for, amongst other things, his contributions to the Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem in Diophantine approximation and the Siegel mass formula for quadratic forms.
||1896: Carl Ludwig Siegel born ... mathematician specializing in number theory and celestial mechanics. He is known for, amongst other things, his contributions to the Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem in Diophantine approximation and the Siegel mass formula for quadratic forms. Pic.
 
||1899: Lazar Aronovich Lyusternik born ... mathematician. He is famous for his work in topology and differential geometry, to which he applied the variational principle.
 
||1900: Selma Burke born ... American sculptor and a member of the Harlem Renaissance movement. Burke is best known for a bas relief portrait of President Franklin D. Roosevelt which inspired the profile found on the obverse of the dime. She described herself as "a people's sculptor" and created many pieces of public art, often portraits of prominent African-American figures like Duke Ellington, Mary McLeod Bethune and Booker T. Washington. Pic.


File:Hannibal Goodwin.jpg|link=Hannibal Goodwin (nonfiction)|1900: Priest and inventor [[Hannibal Goodwin (nonfiction)|Hannibal Goodwin]] dies.  He invented and patented rolled celluloid photographic film.
File:Hannibal Goodwin.jpg|link=Hannibal Goodwin (nonfiction)|1900: Priest and inventor [[Hannibal Goodwin (nonfiction)|Hannibal Goodwin]] dies.  He invented and patented rolled celluloid photographic film.


||1905 – Helen Dodson Prince, American astronomer and academic (d. 2002)
||1905: Helen Dodson Prince born ... astronomer and academic.


||1928 – Siné, French cartoonist (d. 2016)
||1913: Seth Carlo Chandler, Jr. dies ... astronomer. He is best remembered for his research on what is today known as the Chandler wobble. His research on this spanned nearly three decades. Pic.


||Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval (d. 1940) was a French physician, physicist, and inventor of the moving-coil D'Arsonval galvanometer and the thermocouple ammeter. D'Arsonval was an important contributor to the emerging field of electrophysiology, the study of the effects of electricity on biological organisms, in the nineteenth century.
||1921: Gilbert Stork born ... organic chemist and academic. ... known for making significant contributions to the total synthesis of natural products, including a life-long fascination with the synthesis of quinine. In so doing he also made a number of contributions to mechanistic understanding of reactions, and performed pioneering work on enamine chemistry, leading to development of the Stork enamine alkylation. Pic search.


||Edgar Lee Hewett (d. 1946) was an American archaeologist and anthropologist whose focus was the Native American communities of New Mexico and the southwestern United States. He is best known for his role in gaining passage of the Antiquities Act, a pioneering piece of legislation for the conservation movement
||1928: Siné born ... cartoonist.


||1955 – General Motors becomes the first U.S. corporation to make over US$1 billion in a year.
||1930: Jaime Gutierrez born ... educator known for teaching students calculus from 1974 to 1991 at Garfield High School in East Los Angeles. Escalante was the subject of the 1988 film, Stand and Deliver, in which he is portrayed by Edward James Olmos. Pic.


||Sir Charles Galton Darwin, KBE, MC, FRS (d. 31 December 1962) was an English physicist who served as director of the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) during the Second World War. He was the son of the mathematician George Howard Darwin and a grandson of Charles Darwin.
||1940: Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval dies ... physician, physicist, and inventor of the moving-coil D'Arsonval galvanometer and the thermocouple ammeter. D'Arsonval was an important contributor to the emerging field of electrophysiology, the study of the effects of electricity on biological organisms, in the nineteenth century.


File:Brion Gysin scrying engine Dreamachine.jpg|link=Brion Gysin|1969: [[Brion Gysin]] uses hand-held [[scrying engine]] to detect and expose [[Extract of Radium]] marketing campaign.
||1946: Edgar Lee Hewett dies ... archaeologist and anthropologist whose focus was the Native American communities of New Mexico and the southwestern United States. He is best known for his role in gaining passage of the Antiquities Act, a pioneering piece of legislation for the conservation movement
 
||1948: Heinrich Matthias Konen dies ... physicist who specialized in spectroscopy. Pic: https://www.google.com/search?biw=1175&bih=668&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=FTCAW9PkLaufjwSgn6XoAg&q=Heinrich+Konen&oq=Heinrich+Konen&gs_l=img.3...3908464.3908464.0.3908896.1.1.0.0.0.0.290.290.2-1.1.0....0...1c.2.64.img..0.0.0....0.4KnrtIlysyg#imgrc=76oBzXZb-gljNM:
 
||1952: Mathematician Vaughan Frederick Randal Jones born - known for his work on von Neumann algebras and knot polynomials.
 
||1955: General Motors becomes the first U.S. corporation to make over US$1 billion in a year.
 
||1962: Charles Galton Darwin dies ... physicist who served as director of the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) during the Second World War. He was the son of the mathematician George Howard Darwin and a grandson of Charles Darwin. Pic.
 
||1967: August Becker dies ... mid-ranking functionary in the SS of Nazi Germany and chemist in the Reich Main Security Office (RSHA). He helped design the vans with a gas chamber built into the back compartment used in early Nazi mass murder of disabled people, political dissidents, Jews, and other "racial enemies," including Action T4 as well as the Einsatzgruppen (mobile Nazi death squads) in the Nazi-occupied portions of the Soviet Union.  No pic online.
 
|File:Brion Gysin scrying engine Dreamachine.jpg|link=Brion Gysin|1969: [[Brion Gysin]] uses hand-held [[scrying engine]] to detect and expose [[Extract of Radium]] marketing campaign.
 
||1974: Sverre Petterssen dies ... meteorologist, prominent in the field of weather analysis and forecasting (D-Day). Pic.


File:Marshall McLuhan.jpg|link=Marshall McLuhan (nonfiction)|1980: Professor of English and philosopher of communication theory [[Marshall McLuhan (nonfiction)|Marshall McLuhan]] dies. He coined the expressions "the medium is the message" and "global village".
File:Marshall McLuhan.jpg|link=Marshall McLuhan (nonfiction)|1980: Professor of English and philosopher of communication theory [[Marshall McLuhan (nonfiction)|Marshall McLuhan]] dies. He coined the expressions "the medium is the message" and "global village".


File:Woodward and Burroughs distill Extract of Radium.jpg|link=Extract of Radium|1970: [[Extract of Radium]] wishes you a Happy New Year!
||1982: Kurt Otto Friedrichs dies ... mathematician. His greatest contribution to applied mathematics was his work on partial differential equations. Pic.


||Kurt Otto Friedrichs (d. December 31, 1982) was a noted German American mathematician.  
||1983: The AT&T Bell System is broken up by the United States Government.


||1983 – The AT&T Bell System is broken up by the United States Government.
||1984: Alexander Hrennikoff dies ... structural engineer, a founder of the finite element method. Pic.


||1991 – All official Soviet Union institutions have ceased operations by this date 5 days after the Soviet Union is officially dissolved.
||1991: All official Soviet Union institutions have ceased operations by this date 5 days after the Soviet Union is officially dissolved.


||2003 – Arthur R. von Hippel German-American physicist and author (b. 1898)
||2003: Arthur R. von Hippel dies ... physicist and author. Pic search.


||2004 – Gérard Debreu, French economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)
||2004: Gérard Debreu dies ... economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


File:Deep Impact.png|link=Deep Impact (spacecraft) (nonfiction)|2007: The [[Deep Impact (spacecraft) (nonfiction)|Deep Impact]] spacecraft flies by Earth on an extended mission to study extrasolar planets and comet Hartley 2 (103P/Hartley).
File:Deep Impact.png|link=Deep Impact (spacecraft) (nonfiction)|2007: The [[Deep Impact (spacecraft) (nonfiction)|Deep Impact]] spacecraft flies by Earth on an extended mission to study extrasolar planets and comet Hartley 2 (103P/Hartley).


||2011 – NASA succeeds in putting the first of two Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory satellites in orbit around the Moon.
||2011: NASA succeeds in putting the first of two Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory satellites in orbit around the Moon.


||Felix Arnold Edward Pirani (d. December 31, 2015) was a British theoretical physicist specializing in gravitational physics and general relativity. Pirani and Herman Bondi wrote a series of articles (1959 to 1989) that established the existence of plane wave solutions for gravitational waves based on general relativity.
||2015: Felix Arnold Edward Pirani dies ... theoretical physicist specializing in gravitational physics and general relativity. Pirani and Herman Bondi wrote a series of articles (1959 to 1989) that established the existence of plane wave solutions for gravitational waves based on general relativity. Pic: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/12150493/Felix-Pirani-mathematician-obituary.html


File:Dennis Paulson of Mars.jpg|link=Dennis Paulson of Mars|2016: Reality television show ''[[Dennis Paulson of Mars]]'' fully funded by Kickstarter.
File:Dennis Paulson of Mars.jpg|link=Dennis Paulson of Mars|2016: Reality television show ''[[Dennis Paulson of Mars]]'' fully funded by Kickstarter.
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Latest revision as of 09:32, 25 March 2024

  • 1610: Mathematician and fencer Ludolph van Ceulen dies. He spent a major part of his life calculating the numerical value of the mathematical constant π.

    1610: Mathematician and fencer Ludolph van Ceulen dies. He spent a major part of his life calculating the numerical value of the mathematical constant π.

  • 1679: Physiologist, physicist, and mathematician Giovanni Alfonso Borelli dies. He contributed to the modern principle of scientific investigation by continuing Galileo's practice of testing hypotheses against observation.

    1679: Physiologist, physicist, and mathematician Giovanni Alfonso Borelli dies. He contributed to the modern principle of scientific investigation by continuing Galileo's practice of testing hypotheses against observation.

  • 1853: Banquet held in the mould of the Crystal Palace Iguanodon.

    1853: Banquet held in the mould of the Crystal Palace Iguanodon.

  • 1879: Thomas Edison demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time, in Menlo Park, New Jersey.

    1879: Thomas Edison demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time, in Menlo Park, New Jersey.

  • 1894: Mathematician Thomas Joannes Stieltjes dies. He worked on almost all branches of analysis, continued fractions and number theory, and was called "the father of the analytic theory of continued fractions."

    1894: Mathematician Thomas Joannes Stieltjes dies. He worked on almost all branches of analysis, continued fractions and number theory, and was called "the father of the analytic theory of continued fractions."

  • 1900: Priest and inventor Hannibal Goodwin dies. He invented and patented rolled celluloid photographic film.

    1900: Priest and inventor Hannibal Goodwin dies. He invented and patented rolled celluloid photographic film.

  • 1980: Professor of English and philosopher of communication theory Marshall McLuhan dies. He coined the expressions "the medium is the message" and "global village".

    1980: Professor of English and philosopher of communication theory Marshall McLuhan dies. He coined the expressions "the medium is the message" and "global village".

  • 2007: The Deep Impact spacecraft flies by Earth on an extended mission to study extrasolar planets and comet Hartley 2 (103P/Hartley).

    2007: The Deep Impact spacecraft flies by Earth on an extended mission to study extrasolar planets and comet Hartley 2 (103P/Hartley).

  • 2016: Reality television show Dennis Paulson of Mars fully funded by Kickstarter.

    2016: Reality television show Dennis Paulson of Mars fully funded by Kickstarter.

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