Template:Selected anniversaries/December 23: Difference between revisions

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|File:Lanfranc circa 1100.jpg|link=Lanfranc (nonfiction)|1081: Celebrated jurist and monk [[Lanfranc (nonfiction)|Lanfranc]] invents new class of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]].
|| *** DONE: Pics ***


||1722 – Pierre Varignon, French mathematician and academic (b. 1654)
|| *** THEME: Submarines ***


||1732 – Richard Arkwright, English businessman and inventor, invented the Water frame and Spinning frame (d. 1792)
File:Pierre Varignon.jpg|link=Pierre Varignon (nonfiction)|1722: Mathematician and academic [[Pierre Varignon (nonfiction)|Pierre Varignon]] dies. He simplified the proofs of many propositions in mechanics, adapted Leibniz's calculus to the inertial mechanics of Newton's ''Principia'', and treated mechanics in terms of the composition of forces.


||1766 – Wilhelm Hisinger, Swedish physicist and chemist (d. 1852)
||1722: Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt born ... mineralogist and chemist who discovered nickel in 1751as a mining expert with the Bureau of Mines. Cronstedt is one of the founders of modern mineralogy. Pic.
 
||1732: Richard Arkwright born ... businessman and inventor, invented the Water frame and Spinning frame. Pic.
 
||1766: Wilhelm Hisinger born ... physicist and chemist. Pic.
 
||1790: Jean-François Champollion born ... scholar, philologist and orientalist, known primarily as the decipherer of Egyptian hieroglyphs and a founding figure in the field of Egyptology. The significance of Champollion's decipherment was that he showed many previous assumptions about ancient Egypt to be wrong, making it possible to begin to retrieve many kinds of information recorded by the ancient Egyptians. Pic.


File:Wilhelm Bauer.gif|link=Wilhelm Bauer (nonfiction)|1822: Inventor and engineer [[Wilhelm Bauer (nonfiction)|Wilhelm Bauer]] born.  He will design and invent [[Submarine (nonfiction)|submarines]].
File:Wilhelm Bauer.gif|link=Wilhelm Bauer (nonfiction)|1822: Inventor and engineer [[Wilhelm Bauer (nonfiction)|Wilhelm Bauer]] born.  He will design and invent [[Submarine (nonfiction)|submarines]].


||1884 – John Chisum, American businessman and poker player (b. 1824)
||1847: Captain François Mingaud dies ... infantry officer in the French army and a carom billiards player. He is credited as the inventor of the leather tip for a billiards cue, a "possibly not original idea" that he perfected while imprisoned in Bicêtre (now Bicêtre Hospital) for political outspokenness. This revolutionized the game of billiards, allowing the cue ball to be finely manipulated by the application of spin. Pic.
 
||1890: Edward Sang dies ... mathematician and civil engineer, best known for having computed large tables of logarithms, with the help of two of his daughters. Pic.
 
||1895: John Russell Hind dies ... astronomer. Early discoverer of asteroids.  Pic.
 
||1900: Otto Soglow born ... cartoonist. Pic.
 
||1907: Pierre Janssen dies ... astronomer who, along with English scientist Joseph Norman Lockyer, is credited with discovering the gaseous nature of the solar chromosphere, and with some justification the element helium. Pic.
 
||1908: Hugo Hadwiger dies ... mathematician, known for his work in geometry, combinatorics, and cryptography. Pic.
 
||1912: Anna J. Harrison born ... organic chemist and academic. Pic.
 
||1913: The Federal Reserve Act is signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson, creating the Federal Reserve System. Pic.
 
||1923: Harold Masursky born ... geologist and senior scientist at the U.S. Geological Survey's astrogeology branch supporting space exploration. Starting in the mid 1960s, he helped analyze the photographs from the Ranger, Lunar Orbiter, and Surveyor lunar missions. In mapping the moon, suitable landing spots were being sought for the unmanned Surveyor 5 spacecraft (1967) and the manned Apollo landings (1969-72). Masursky headed the group that interpreted television transmissions from Martian satellite Mariner 9 (1971), producing maps to plan the landing of unmanned Viking spacecraft on Mars (1976). He analyzed data on the geological origins and evolution of the planets. He collaborated in foreign projects such as the Soviet Venus probes. Pic: https://www.todayinsci.com/8/8_24.htm
 
||1931: Basil Gordon born ... mathematician at UCLA, specializing in number theory and combinatorics.[1] He obtained his Ph.D. at California Institute of Technology under the supervision of Tom Apostol. Ken Ono was one of his students. Gordon is well known for Göllnitz–Gordon identities, generalizing the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. He also posed the still-unsolved Gaussian moat problem in 1962. Pic: https://www.math.ucla.edu/news/memoriam-basil-gordon-professor-mathematics-emeritus-1931-%E2%80%93-2012
 
||1932: Theoretical physicist Thomas Kibble born ... research interests were in quantum field theory, especially the interface between high-energy particle physics and cosmology. He is best known as one of the first to describe the Higgs mechanism, and for his research on topological defects. From the 1950s he was concerned about the nuclear arms race and from 1970 took leading roles in promoting the social responsibility of the scientist. Pic.
 
File:Fujisawa Rikitaro.jpg|link=Rikitarō Fujisawa (nonfiction)|1933: Mathematician [[Rikitarō Fujisawa (nonfiction)|Rikitarō Fujisawa]] dies. During the Meiji era he was instrumental in reforming mathematics education in Japan and establishing the ideas of European mathematics in Japan.
 
||1939: Anthony Fokker dies ... pilot and engineer, designed the Fokker Dr.I and Fokker D.VII. Pic (dashing).
 
||1939: Maritime engineer Maxime Laubeuf dies ... He was a pioneer in the design and building of submarines, and was responsible for a number of the innovations that led to modern submarine design. His work had a profound influence on the design of submersibles in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Pic.
 
||1939: Ludwig Hopf dies ... theoretical physicist who made contributions to mathematics, special relativity, hydrodynamics, and aerodynamics.  Pic: https://www.geni.com/people/Prof-Dr-Ludwig-Hopf/6000000003495136149
 
||1944: The Great Papago Escape was the largest Axis prisoner-of-war escape to occur from an American facility during World War II. On the night of December 23, 1944, twenty-five Germans tunneled out of Camp Papago Park, near Phoenix, Arizona, and fled into the surrounding desert. All of the escapees were eventually recaptured without bloodshed over the next few weeks, and although most were detained within Maricopa County, a few nearly made it to the border of Mexico, which is about 130 miles south of the camp. Pic.
 
||1947: The transistor is first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories.
 
||1949: Arthur Eichengrün dies ... chemist, materials scientist, and inventor. He is known for developing the highly successful anti-gonorrhea drug Protargol, the standard treatment for 50 years until the adoption of antibiotics, and for his pioneering contributions in plastics. Pic.


||1900 – Otto Soglow, American cartoonist (d. 1975)
||1953: Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria born ... Soviet politician of Georgian ethnicity, Marshal of the Soviet Union and state security administrator, chief of the Soviet security and secret police apparatus (NKVD) under Joseph Stalin during World War II. Pic.


||1912 – Anna J. Harrison, American organic chemist and academic (d. 1998)
||1954: First successful kidney transplant is performed by J. Hartwell Harrison and Joseph Murray.


||1913 – The Federal Reserve Act is signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson, creating the Federal Reserve System.
||1968: The 82 sailors from the USS ''Pueblo'' are released after eleven months of internment in North Korea.


|File:Hellschreiber.jpg|link=Hellschreiber (nonfiction)|1930: [[Hellschreiber (nonfiction)|Hellscreiber]] teleprinter system adapted for use with [[Gnomon algorithm]].
||1971: Hugh Rose Foss born ... cryptanalyst. At Bletchley Park during World War II he made significant contributions both to the breaking of the German Enigma code and headed the section tasked with breaking Japanese Naval codes. Pic search.


||1939 – Anthony Fokker, Indonesia-born Dutch pilot and engineer, designed the Fokker Dr.I and Fokker D.VII (b. 1890)
||1972: Andrei Tupolev dies ... engineer, designed the Tupolev Tu-95 and Tupolev Tu-104. Pic.


|File:Neon lighting Ne symbol.jpg|link=Neon lighting (nonfiction)|1941: [[Neon lighting (nonfiction)|Neon lighting]] says that it "enjoys the work," calls itself "the luckiest of technologies" for a life spent converting [[Electricity (nonfiction)|electricity]] into [[Light (nonfiction)|light]].
||1973: Ralph Hartzler Fox dies ... mathematician. As a professor at Princeton University, he taught and advised many of the contributors to the Golden Age of differential topology, and he played an important role in the modernization and main-streaming of knot theory. Pic.


||1947 – The transistor is first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories.
||1973: Gerard Peter Kuiper dies ... astronomer, planetary scientist, selenographer, author and professor. He is the eponymous namesake of the Kuiper belt. Kuiper is considered by many to be the father of modern planetary science. Pic.


||1954 – First successful kidney transplant is performed by J. Hartwell Harrison and Joseph Murray.
||1985: Alfred Theodor Brauer dies ... mathematician who did work in number theory. Pic.


||1968 – The 82 sailors from the USS Pueblo are released after eleven months of internment in North Korea.
||1986: Voyager, piloted by Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager, lands at Edwards Air Force Base in California becoming the first aircraft to fly non-stop around the world without aerial or ground refueling.


||1972 – Andrei Tupolev, Russian engineer, designed the Tupolev Tu-95 and Tupolev Tu-104 (b. 1888)
||1989: Richard Rado dies ... mathematician whose research concerned combinatorics and graph theory. In graph theory, the Rado graph, a countably infinite graph containing all countably infinite graphs as induced subgraphs, is named after Rado. He rediscovered it in 1964 after previous works on the same graph by Wilhelm Ackermann, Paul Erdős, and Alfréd Rényi. Pic.


|File:Hello, world in C.svg|link="Hello World!" program (nonfiction)|1974: [["Hello World!" program (nonfiction)|"Hello World" computer program]] from 1974 proud to represent [["Hello World!" program (nonfiction)|"Hello World" computer programs]] everywhere.  
||1992: Robert Marshak dies ... American physicist dedicated to learning, research, and education. Pic.


||1986 – Voyager, piloted by Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager, lands at Edwards Air Force Base in California becoming the first aircraft to fly non-stop around the world without aerial or ground refueling.
||2001: Donald Clayton Spencer dies ... mathematician, known for work on deformation theory of structures arising in differential geometry, and on several complex variables from the point of view of partial differential equations.  Pic: https://www.geni.com/people/Donald-Spencer/6000000000566571886


|File:The Eel receives news from informants.jpg|link=The Eel's henchmen|1999: The Eel receives [[The Eel's henchmen|news from informants]].
||2013: Mikhail Kalashnikov dies ... Russian general and weapons designer, designed the AK-47 rifle. Pic.


|File:Canterbury Cathedral 1890-1900.jpg|link=Canterbury Cathedral (nonfiction)|2012: Festival at [[Canterbury Cathedral (nonfiction)|Canterbury Cathedral]] celebrates history of [[scrying engines]].
||2014: Robert V. Hogg dies ... statistician and academic. Pic: https://clas.uiowa.edu/news/clas-mourns-passing-professor-emeritus-robert-v-hogg-pioneering-statistician-teacher-mentor-and


||2013 – Mikhail Kalashnikov, Russian general and weapons designer, designed the AK-47 rifle (b. 1919)
||December 23 is the fictional date of the [[Zendian problem (nonfiction)|Zendian problem]], a US Army cryptography training exercise involving 375 radio messages said to have been intercepted on December 23 by the US Army contingent of a United Nations force landed on the fictional island of Zendia in the Pacific Ocean.


||2014 – Robert V. Hogg, American statistician and academic (b. 1924)
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Latest revision as of 17:30, 7 February 2022

  • 1722: Mathematician and academic Pierre Varignon dies. He simplified the proofs of many propositions in mechanics, adapted Leibniz's calculus to the inertial mechanics of Newton's Principia, and treated mechanics in terms of the composition of forces.

    1722: Mathematician and academic Pierre Varignon dies. He simplified the proofs of many propositions in mechanics, adapted Leibniz's calculus to the inertial mechanics of Newton's Principia, and treated mechanics in terms of the composition of forces.

  • 1822: Inventor and engineer Wilhelm Bauer born. He will design and invent submarines.

    1822: Inventor and engineer Wilhelm Bauer born. He will design and invent submarines.

  • 1933: Mathematician Rikitarō Fujisawa dies. During the Meiji era he was instrumental in reforming mathematics education in Japan and establishing the ideas of European mathematics in Japan.

    1933: Mathematician Rikitarō Fujisawa dies. During the Meiji era he was instrumental in reforming mathematics education in Japan and establishing the ideas of European mathematics in Japan.

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