Template:Selected anniversaries/August 1: Difference between revisions

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||126: Roman Emperor Pertinax born. Pic (possible statue).


||1557 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish archbishop, historian, and cartographer (b. 1490)
||1557: Olaus Magnus dies ... archbishop, historian, and cartographer. DOB unknown; use date of Archbishoprich. No pics, none (but see cool associated pics, e.g. Dwarves fighting Cranes).


||1774 – British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
||1767: Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon finished drawing what some describe as "the world's longest straight line." Actually two straight lines, it forms parts of the boundaries between the U.S. states of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.  


||1795 – Clas Bjerkander, Swedish meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist (b. 1735)
||1796: Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche dies ... astronomer, best known for his observations of the transits of Venus in 1761 and 1769. Pic.
 
File:Joseph Priestley.jpg|link=Joseph Priestley (nonfiction)|1774: British scientist [[Joseph Priestley (nonfiction)|Joseph Priestley]] discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
 
||1779: Lorenz Oken born ... German naturalist who offered early evolutionary ideas and stimulated comparative anatomy. He theorized (incorrectly) that the skull was a modified vertebra, but formed some fundamental concepts which stimulated further thought from later scientists. In Die Zeugung, he discussed “the infusoria”—elementary units of living organisms—into which all flesh can be broken down. Higher animals, he proposed, consisted of constituent animalcules. Entities, whether plants or animals, became organisms by the fusion of these primal animals. Those elements lose all individuality and create a higher unity. Lorenz Oken wrote many books on natural history for students and adults, founded a scholarly journal (contributing most of its articles), and organized scientific congresses. Pic.
 
||1795: Clas Bjerkander dies ... meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist.


File:Maria Mitchell.jpg|link=Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|1819: Astronomer and academic [[Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|Maria Mitchell]] born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.
File:Maria Mitchell.jpg|link=Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|1819: Astronomer and academic [[Maria Mitchell (nonfiction)|Maria Mitchell]] born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.


||1881 – Otto Toeplitz, German mathematician and academic (d. 1940)
||1842: A parade in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., celebrating the end of slavery in the West Indies was attacked by a mob, leading to three days of riots. Pic.
 
||1861: Ivar Otto Bendixson born ... mathematician. Pic.
 
||1881: Otto Toeplitz dies ... mathematician and academic. Pic.
 
||1894: Kurt Wintgens born ... German World War I fighter ace. He was the first military fighter pilot to score a victory over an opposing aircraft, while piloting an aircraft armed with a synchronized machine gun. Pic.
 
||1885: George de Hevesy born ... chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate.
 
||1889: Walter Gerlach born ... physicist and academic.
 
||1896: William Robert Grove dies ... judge and physical scientist. He anticipated the general theory of the conservation of energy, and was a pioneer of fuel cell technology. He invented the Grove voltaic cell. Pic.
 
||1905: Helen Sawyer Hogg born ... astronomer and academic, noted for pioneering research into globular clusters and variable stars. Pic (plaque), pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=helen+sawyer+hogg


||1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
||1922: Donát Bánki dies ... engineer.


||1889 – Walter Gerlach, German physicist and academic (d. 1979)
||1924: John Clive Ward born ... physicist. He introduced the Ward–Takahashi identity, also known as "Ward Identity" (or "Ward's Identities"). He made significant contributions to quantum solid-state physics, statistical mechanics and the Ising model. Pic.


||1922 – Donát Bánki, Hungarian engineer (b. 1856)
||1933: Pierre Gabriel born ... mathematician and academic.  He worked on category theory, algebraic groups, and representation theory of algebras.  Pic: http://www.pierre-peter-gabriel-mathematics.ch/biography/


File:Hilbert_curve.gif|link=Hilbert Curve (nonfiction)|1923: [[Hilbert curve (nonfiction)|Hilbert curve]] discovers new class of [[Gnomon algorithm]] functions.
1934: Sige-Yuki Kuroda born ... S.-Y. Kuroda, was Professor Emeritus and Research Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, San Diego. Although a pioneer in the application of Chomskyan generative syntax to the Japanese language, he is known for the broad range of his work across the language sciences. For instance, in formal language theory, the Kuroda normal form for context-sensitive grammars bears his name. Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=S.-Y.+Kuroda


||1957 – The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).
||1944: Start of MARK series of computers: The MARK I computer began operation at Harvard University. The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator was an electro-mechanical computer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Mark_I


||1961 – U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara orders the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation's first centralized military espionage organization.
||1957: The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).


||1967 – Richard Kuhn, Austrian-German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1900)
||1961: U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara orders the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation's first centralized military espionage organization.
 
||1967: Richard Kuhn dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate. Pic.
 
||1972: Erwin Madelung dies ... physicist ... specializing in crystal structure, and eventually became a professor. It was during this time he developed the Madelung constant, which characterizes the net electrostatic effects of all ions in a crystal lattice, and is used to determine the energy of one ion. Pic search yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=erwin+madelung


File:Gary_Powers.jpg|link=Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|1977: [[Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|Francis Gary Powers]] dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.
File:Gary_Powers.jpg|link=Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|1977: [[Francis Gary Powers (nonfiction)|Francis Gary Powers]] dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.


||1996 – Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
||1984: Commercial peat-cutters discovered the preserved bog body of a man, called Lindow Man, at Lindow Moss, Cheshire, North West England.
 
||1996: Tadeusz Reichstein dies ... chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
 
||2004: Philip Abelson dies ... physicist and author. Pic.


||2004 – Philip Abelson, American physicist and author (b. 1913)
||2007: Bridge 9340, carrying Interstate 35W across the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S., suffered a catastrophic failure and collapsed (pictured), killing 13 people and injuring 145.


||2015 – Bernard d'Espagnat, French physicist, philosopher, and author (b. 1921)
||2015: Bernard d'Espagnat dies ... theoretical physicist, philosopher of science, and author, best known for his work on the nature of reality. Pic: https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16769-concept-of-hypercosmic-god-wins-templeton-prize/


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Latest revision as of 10:58, 7 February 2022

  • 1774: British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

    1774: British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

  • 1819: Astronomer and academic Maria Mitchell born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.

    1819: Astronomer and academic Maria Mitchell born. She will be the first American woman to work as a professional astronomer.

  • 1977: Francis Gary Powers dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.

    1977: Francis Gary Powers dies when the news helicopter he is piloting crashes into a field near Encino, Los Angeles killing Powers and the aircraft's only passenger, cameraman George Spears.

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