Template:Selected anniversaries/January 24: Difference between revisions
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File: | || *** DONE: Pics *** | ||
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File: | ||AD 41: Roman Emperor Caligula, known for his eccentricity and sadistic despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. The Guard then proclaims Caligula's uncle Claudius as Emperor. Pic. | ||
||1679: Christian Wolff born ... philosopher and academic. Pic. | |||
||1754: Andrew Ellicott born ... surveyor and urban planner ... helped map many of the territories west of the Appalachians, surveyed the boundaries of the District of Columbia, continued and completed Pierre (Peter) Charles L'Enfant's work on the plan for Washington, D.C., and served as a teacher in survey methods for Meriwether Lewis. Pic. | |||
File:Karl Georg Christian von Staudt.jpg|link=Karl Georg Christian von Staudt (nonfiction)|1798: Mathematician [[Karl Georg Christian von Staudt (nonfiction)|Karl Georg Christian von Staudt]] born. He will use synthetic geometry to provide a foundation for arithmetic. | |||
||1835: Slaves in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, stage a revolt, which is instrumental in ending slavery there 50 years later. | |||
||1848: California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill near Sacramento. Pic. | |||
||1852: Herman Haga born ... physicist. Pic. | |||
||1860: James Pollard Espy dies ... meteorologist. Espy developed a convection theory of storms, explaining it in 1836 before the American Philosophical Society and in 1840 before the French Académie des Sciences and the British Royal Society. His theory was published in 1840 as The Philosophy of Storms. He became meteorologist to the War (1842) and Navy (1848) departments and developed the use of the telegraph in assembling weather observation data by which he studied the progress of storms and laid the basis for scientific weather forecasting. Pic. | |||
||1862: Richard F. Outcault born ... cartoonist, created ''The Yellow Kid'' and ''Buster Brown''. Pic. | |||
||1872: Morris Travers born ... chemist and academic ... "rare gas man". Pic search. | |||
||1877: Johann Christian Poggendorff dies ... physicist and journalist. Pic. | |||
File:Heinrich Geissler.jpg|link=Heinrich Geißler (nonfiction)|1879: Glassblower, physicist, and inventor [[Heinrich Geißler (nonfiction)|Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Geißler]] dies. He invented the [[Geissler tube (nonfiction)|Geissler tube]], made of glass and used as a low pressure gas-discharge luminescence tube. | |||
||1888: Ernst Heinkel born ... engineer and businessman, founded the Heinkel Aircraft Manufacturing Company. Pic. | |||
||1902: Oskar Morgenstern born ... economist. In collaboration with mathematician John von Neumann, he founded the mathematical field of game theory and its application to economics. Pic search. | |||
||1908: Hans Heinrich von Halban born ... physicist. Pic. | |||
||1912: Nils Aall Barricelli born ... mathematician. His computer-assisted experiments in symbiogenesis and evolution are considered pioneering in artificial life research. Pic. | |||
||1843: David Gill dies ... astronomer and author. Pic. | |||
||1914: Vladimir Potapov born ... He worked on the theory of J-contractive matrix functions, the analysis of matrix functions, and interpolation problems. mathematician. Pic search. | |||
||1918: Kenneth Greisen born ... physicist who worked on nuclear physics and the astrophysics of cosmic rays and gamma radiation. "He will be most remembered for his realization that the cosmic microwave background limits the high-energy end of the spectrum of cosmic ray protons." Pic. | |||
||1921: Susan Jane Cunningham dies ... mathematician. Cunningham was instrumental in the founding and development of Swarthmore College. Pic. | |||
||1925: Meir "Manny" Lehman, born ... computer scientist and academic. His research contributions include the early realisation of the software evolution phenomenon and the eponymous Lehman's laws of software evolution. Pic search. | |||
||1931: Lars Hörmander born ... mathematician and academic. Pic. | |||
||1942: World War II: The Allies bombard Bangkok, leading Thailand, then under Japanese control, to declare war against the United States and United Kingdom. | |||
||1946: The United Nations General Assembly passes its first resolution to establish the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission | |||
File:Goldsboro Mk 39 bomb.jpg|link=1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash (nonfiction)|1961: [[1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash (nonfiction)|Goldsboro B-52 crash]]: A bomber carrying two H-bombs breaks up in mid-air over North Carolina. The uranium core of one weapon remains lost. | |||
||1966: Homi J. Bhabha dies ... physicist and academic. Pic. | |||
|File:The Eel Escapes Hydrolab.jpg|link=The Eel Escapes Hydrolab|1972: New evidence suggests that ''[[The Eel Escapes Hydrolab]]'' is based on actual events. | |||
File:Cosmos-954 debris.png|link=Kosmos 954 (nonfiction)|1978: Soviet satellite [[Kosmos 954 (nonfiction)|Kosmos 954]], with a nuclear reactor on board, burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering radioactive debris over Canada's Northwest Territories. Only 1% is recovered. | |||
||1982: Karol Borsuk dies ... mathematician. His main interest was topology. Borsuk introduced the theory of absolute retracts (ARs) and absolute neighborhood retracts (ANRs), and the cohomotopy groups, later called Borsuk–Spanier cohomotopy groups. He also founded Shape theory. He has constructed various beautiful examples of topological spaces, e.g. an acyclic, 3-dimensional continuum which admits a fixed point free homeomorphism onto itself; also 2-dimensional, contractible polyhedra which have no free edge. His topological and geometric conjectures and themes stimulated research for more than half a century. Pic. | |||
File:Werner Fenchel.jpg|link=Werner Fenchel (nonfiction)|1988: Mathematician and academic [[Werner Fenchel (nonfiction)|Werner Fenchel]] dies. He established the basic results of convex analysis and nonlinear optimization theory which would, in time, serve as the foundation for nonlinear programming. | |||
||1990: Japan launches Hiten, the country's first lunar probe, the first robotic lunar probe since the Soviet Union's Luna 24 in 1976, and the first lunar probe launched by a country other than Soviet Union or the United States. | |||
||1993: Oscar Buneman dies ... made advances in science, engineering, and mathematics. Buneman was a pioneer of computational plasma physics and plasma simulation. Pic: http://www.physics.ucla.edu/icnsp/buneman.htm | |||
||2000: Samut Prakan radiation accident: the part of the radiation therapy unit containing the radiation source was acquired by two scrap collectors, who claimed to have bought it from some strangers as scrap metal for resale. They took it home, planning to dismantle it later. On 1 February, the two, together with another two associates, attempted to dismantle the metal part (a 97-kilogram, 42-by-20-centimetre lead cylinder held in a stainless steel casing), which was the unit's source drawer. Using a hammer and chisel, they only managed to crack the welded seam. Two of the men then took the metal piece, along with other scrap metal, to a scrapyard on Soi Wat Mahawong in Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province. There they asked a worker at the scrapyard to cut open the cylinder using an oxyacetylene torch. As the cylinder was cut open, two smaller cylindrical metal pieces, which had held the source capsule, fell out. The worker retrieved the two pieces and kept them in the scrapyard, but was unaware of the source capsule itself. The lead cylinder was returned to the scrap collectors for them to complete the disassembly. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Prakan_radiation_accident | |||
||2010: Industrial accident: On the afternoon of Saturday, January 23, 2010, Carl “Danny” Fish, a 32-year employee of the DuPont plant in Belle, West Virginia was performing a routine operation when a hose carrying phosgene (a chemical so toxic it was used as a weapon during World War I) ruptured, spraying him in the face and chest. Fish was rushed to the hospital. He died the night of January 24. | |||
|link: http://www.thepumphandle.org/2011/07/13/33-hours-3-toxic-releases-1-fa/#.XLNAvuhKhaQ | |||
|link: https://nsc.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/system-failure-case-studies/sfcs-2015-04-14-deadlyexposure-presentation.pdf?sfvrsn=ad4eecf8_2 | |||
File:Marvin Minsky.jpg|link=Marvin Minsky (nonfiction)|2016: Cognitive scientist and artificial intelligence researcher [[Marvin Minsky (nonfiction)|Marvin Minsky]] dies. Minsky's inventions include the first head-mounted graphical display (1963) and the confocal microscope (1957, a predecessor to today's widely used confocal laser scanning microscope). | |||
||2016: David Ritz Finkelstein dies ... professor of physics ... Finkelstein and Charles W. Misner found the gravitational kink, a topological defect in the gravitational metric, whose quantum theory could exhibit spin 1/2. Finkelstein determined that whatever falls past the Schwarzschild radius into a black hole cannot escape it; the membrane is one-directional. Pic: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Finkelstein2 (local copy) | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
Latest revision as of 17:46, 7 February 2022
1798: Mathematician Karl Georg Christian von Staudt born. He will use synthetic geometry to provide a foundation for arithmetic.
1879: Glassblower, physicist, and inventor Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Geißler dies. He invented the Geissler tube, made of glass and used as a low pressure gas-discharge luminescence tube.
1961: Goldsboro B-52 crash: A bomber carrying two H-bombs breaks up in mid-air over North Carolina. The uranium core of one weapon remains lost.
1978: Soviet satellite Kosmos 954, with a nuclear reactor on board, burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering radioactive debris over Canada's Northwest Territories. Only 1% is recovered.
1988: Mathematician and academic Werner Fenchel dies. He established the basic results of convex analysis and nonlinear optimization theory which would, in time, serve as the foundation for nonlinear programming.
2016: Cognitive scientist and artificial intelligence researcher Marvin Minsky dies. Minsky's inventions include the first head-mounted graphical display (1963) and the confocal microscope (1957, a predecessor to today's widely used confocal laser scanning microscope).