Template:Selected anniversaries/December 5: Difference between revisions

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||1408 – Emir Edigu of Golden Horde reaches Moscow.
|| *** DONE: Pics ***


||1624 – Gaspard Bauhin, Swiss botanist and physician (b. 1560)
||1408: Emir Edigu of Golden Horde reaches Moscow.


||1770 – James Stirling, Scottish mathematician and surveyor (b. 1692)
||1624: Gaspard Bauhin dies ... botanist and physician. Pic.


File:Nicole-Reine Lepaute.jpg|link=Nicole-Reine Lepaute (nonfiction)|1771: Astronomer and mathematician [[Nicole-Reine Lepaute (nonfiction)|Nicole-Reine Lepaute]] publishes new class of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]] which detect and prevent [[crimes against astronomical constants]].
File:Seki Takakazu.jpg|link=Seki Takakazu (nonfiction)|1708: Mathematician [[Seki Takakazu (nonfiction)|Seki Takakazu]] dies. He created a new algebraic notation system and, motivated by astronomical computations, did work on infinitesimal calculus and Diophantine equations. Seki laid foundations for the subsequent development of Japanese mathematics known as ''[[Wasan (nonfiction)|wasan]]''; he has been described as "Japan's Newton".


||1784 – Phillis Wheatley, Senegal-born slave, later American poet (b. 1753)
||1770: James Stirling dies ... mathematician and surveyor. Pic grave plate. Pic: https://alchetron.com/James-Stirling-(mathematician)


||François Dominique Séraphin (d. 1800 in Paris) was a French entertainer who developed and popularised shadow plays in France. The art form would go on to be copied across Europe.
||1784: Phillis Wheatley dies ... Senegal-born slave, later American poet. No DOB. Pic.


||1848 – California Gold Rush: In a message to the United States Congress, U.S. President James K. Polk confirms that large amounts of gold had been discovered in California.
||1800: François Dominique Séraphin dies ... entertainer who developed and popularized shadow plays in France. The art form would go on to be copied across Europe. Pic search: https://www.google.com/search?q=Fran%C3%A7ois+Dominique+S%C3%A9raphin


||1863 – Paul Painlevé, French mathematician and politician, 84th Prime Minister of France (d. 1933)
||1848: California Gold Rush: In a message to the United States Congress, U.S. President James K. Polk confirms that large amounts of gold had been discovered in California.


||1868 – Arnold Sommerfeld, German physicist and academic (d. 1951)
File:Louis_Poinsot.jpg|link=Louis Poinsot (nonfiction)|1859: Mathematician and physicist [[Louis Poinsot (nonfiction)|Louis Poinsot]] dies. Poinsot invented geometrical mechanics, showing how a system of forces acting on a rigid body can be resolved into a single force and a couple.


||1872 – Harry Nelson Pillsbury, American chess player (d. 1906)
||1863: Paul Painlevé born ... mathematician and politician, 84th Prime Minister of France. Pic.
 
||1868: Arnold Sommerfeld born ... physicist and academic. Pic.
 
||1872: Harry Nelson Pillsbury born ... chess player. Pic.


File:Mary Celeste map.jpg|link=Mary Celeste (nonfiction)|1872: The crewless American ship ''[[Mary Celeste (nonfiction)|Mary Celeste]]'' is found by the Canadian brig ''Dei Gratia''. The ship had been abandoned for nine days but was only slightly damaged.
File:Mary Celeste map.jpg|link=Mary Celeste (nonfiction)|1872: The crewless American ship ''[[Mary Celeste (nonfiction)|Mary Celeste]]'' is found by the Canadian brig ''Dei Gratia''. The ship had been abandoned for nine days but was only slightly damaged.


File:Exponential-growth-diagram.svg|link=Crimes against mathematical constants|1871: New class of [[crimes against mathematical constants]] exploits uncertainty about the fate of ''[[Mary Celeste (nonfiction)|Mary Celeste]]''.
||1891: Paul Kogerman born ... chemist and academic, founder of modern research in oil shale. Pic.
 
||1895: Elbert Frank Cox born ... mathematician and academic. He was the first African American to receive a Ph.D. in Mathematics. Pic. See also: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265229056_Evansville_Honors_the_First_Black_PhD_in_Mathematics_and_His_Family
||1896: Carl Ferdinand Cori born ... biochemist and pharmacologist ... Cori, together with his wife Gerty Cori and Argentine physiologist Bernardo Houssay, received a Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of how glycogen (animal starch) – a derivative of glucose – is broken down and resynthesized in the body, for use as a store and source of energy. Pic.


||1891 – Paul Kogerman, Estonian chemist and academic (d. 1951)
||1901: Walt Disney born ... animator, director, producer, and screenwriter, co-founded The Walt Disney Company. Pic.


||1895 – Elbert Frank Cox, American mathematician and academic (d. 1969)
File:Werner Heisenberg.jpg|link=Werner Heisenberg (nonfiction)|1901: Physicist and academic [[Werner Heisenberg (nonfiction)|Werner Heisenberg]] born. He will introduce the [[Uncertainty principle (nonfiction)|uncertainty principle]] -- in quantum mechanics, any of a variety of mathematical inequalities asserting a fundamental limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties of a particle can be known.


||1896 – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Czech-American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
||1901: Arthur Samuel born ... pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence. He coined the term "machine learning" in 1959. The Samuel Checkers-playing Program was among the world's first successful self-learning programs, and as such a very early demonstration of the fundamental concept of artificial intelligence (AI). He was also a senior member in the TeX community who devoted much time giving personal attention to the needs of users and wrote an early TeX manual in 1983. Pic.


||1901 – Walt Disney, American animator, director, producer, and screenwriter, co-founded The Walt Disney Company (d. 1966)
||1902: Johannes Wislicenus dies ... chemist, most famous for his work in early stereochemistry. Pic.


File:Werner Heisenberg.jpg|link=Werner Heisenberg (nonfiction)|1901: Physicist and academic [[Werner Heisenberg (nonfiction)|Werner Heisenberg]] born. He will introduce the [[Uncertainty principle (nonfiction)|uncertainty principle]] -- in quantum mechanics, any of a variety of mathematical inequalities asserting a fundamental limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties of a particle can be known.
||1903: C. F. Powell born ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1903 – C. F. Powell, English-Italian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1969)
||1907: Giuseppe Occhialini born ... physicist and academic. Pic.


||1907 – Giuseppe Occhialini, Italian-French physicist and academic (d. 1993)
||1911: Academic and inventor Warren Seymour Johnson dies.  His multi-zone pneumatic control system solved the problem. Johnson’s system for temperature regulation was adopted worldwide for office buildings, schools, hospitals, and hotels – essentially any large building with multiple rooms that required temperature regulation. Pic.


||Ren Xinmin (Chinese: 任新民; pinyin: Rén Xīnmín; Wade–Giles: Jen Hsin-min; b. 5 December 1915) was a Chinese aerospace engineer.
||1915: Ren Xinmin born ... aerospace engineer. Pic search.


||1916 – Hilary Koprowski, Polish-American virologist and immunologist, created the world's first effective live polio vaccine (d. 2013)
||1916: Hilary Koprowski born ... virologist and immunologist, created the world's first effective live polio vaccine. Pic.


File:Fugitive Rubies and hand x-ray.jpg|link=Evil bit release|1923: Photograph says it captured moment of [[Evil bit release]].
||1922: Joachim "Jim" Lambek born ... Professor of Pure Mathematics. Pic.


||1931 – Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow was destroyed on orders from Joseph Stalin.
||1924: Abram Fet born ... mathematician, philosopher, translator. Pic search.
||1931: Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow was destroyed on orders from Joseph Stalin.


File:Albert Einstein 1921.jpg|link=Albert Einstein (nonfiction)|1932: German-born Swiss physicist [[Albert Einstein (nonfiction)|Albert Einstein]] is granted an American visa.
File:Albert Einstein 1921.jpg|link=Albert Einstein (nonfiction)|1932: German-born Swiss physicist [[Albert Einstein (nonfiction)|Albert Einstein]] is granted an American visa.


||1943 – World War II: Allied air forces begin attacking Germany's secret weapons bases in Operation Crossbow.
||1943: World War II: Allied air forces begin attacking Germany's secret weapons bases in Operation Crossbow.
 
||1949: Alfred James Lotka dies ... mathematician, physical chemist, and statistician, famous for his work in population dynamics and energetics. An American biophysicist, Lotka is best known for his proposal of the predator–prey model, developed simultaneously but independently of Vito Volterra. The Lotka–Volterra model is still the basis of many models used in the analysis of population dynamics in ecology. Pic.
 
File:Rear Admiral Deak Parsons.jpg|link=William Sterling Parsons (nonfiction)|1953: [[William Sterling Parsons (nonfiction)|American naval officer William Sterling "Deak" Parsons]] dues. Parsons served as an ordnance expert on the Manhattan Project during World War II.
 
||1955: Glenn L. Martin dies ... pilot and businessman, founded the Glenn L. Martin Company. Pic.
 
||1955: E. D. Nixon and Rosa Parks lead the Montgomery Bus Boycott.


||1955 – Glenn L. Martin, American pilot and businessman, founded the Glenn L. Martin Company (b. 1886)
||1958: Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) is inaugurated in the United Kingdom by Queen Elizabeth II when she speaks to the Lord Provost in a call from Bristol to Edinburgh.


||1955 – E. D. Nixon and Rosa Parks lead the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
||1959: Mathematician Mary Frances Winston Newson dies. Pic.


||1958 – Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) is inaugurated in the United Kingdom by Queen Elizabeth II when she speaks to the Lord Provost in a call from Bristol to Edinburgh.
||1964: Lloyd J. Old discovered the first linkage between the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and disease—mouse leukemia—opening the way for the recognition of the importance of the MHC in the immune response. Pic.


|File:Plutonium pellet.jpg|link=Plutonium (nonfiction)|1963: [[Plutonium (nonfiction)|Plutonium]] used in new class of [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
||1965: Joseph Erlanger dies ... physiologist, neuroscientist, and academic Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1964 – Lloyd J. Old discovered the first linkage between the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and disease—mouse leukemia—opening the way for the recognition of the importance of the MHC in the immune response.
||1968: Guo Yonghuai dies ... expert in aerodynamics. Pic (cool).


||1965 – Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist, neuroscientist, and academic Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
||1969: Claude Dornier dies ... engineer, airplane designer, and founder of Dornier GmbH. His notable designs include the 12-engine Dornier Do X flying boat, for decades the world's largest and most powerful airplane. Pic.


File:Color commentators.jpg|link=Color commentator (nonfiction)|1964: [[Color commentator (nonfiction)|Color commentators]] announce formation of Color Commentator's Union.
||1973: Robert Watson-Watt dies ... engineer, invented the radar. Pic.


File:George Plimpton 1993.jpg|link=George Plimpton (nonfiction)|1966: [[George Plimpton (nonfiction)|George Plimpton]] embeds himself within [[Color commentator (nonfiction)|Color Commentator's Union]] as participatory journalist.
||1983: Bruce Irons dies ... engineer and mathematician, known for his fundamental contribution to the finite element method, including the patch test, the frontal solver and, along with Ian C. Taig, the isoparametric element concept. Pic.


||1969 – Claude Dornier, German engineer and businessman, founded Dornier Flugzeugwerke (b. 1884)
||1989: Edoardo Amaldi dies ... physicist. Pic.


||1973 – Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer, invented the radar (b. 1892)
||1995: Clair Cameron Patterson dies ... scientist ... earth age data, lead poisoning. Pic.


||1995 – Clair Cameron Patterson, American scientist (b. 1922), earth age data, lead poisoning
||1998: Hazel Bishop dies ... chemist and cosmetic executive who made an indelible mark on the cosmetics industry by inventing non-smear ("stays on you not on him") kissproof lipstick. During WW II, as senior organic chemist with Standard Oil, she discovered the cause of deposits affecting superchargers of aircraft engines. She never married. In 1949, after a long series of home experiments, in a kitchen fitted out as a laboratory, she perfected a lipstick that stayed on the lips longer than any other product then available, and began its manufacture. It was introduced at $1 a tube in the summer of the following year. In 1951, a partner forced her out of the $10 million company she created. Pic.


|File:Fluorescence chemistry.jpg|link=Chromo-Pee Olympics|1996: Former [[Chromo-Pee Olympics]] champion joins [[Color commentator (nonfiction)|Color commentators]] union.
||1998: John Lions dies ... computer scientist and academic. He is best known as the author of Lions' Commentary on UNIX 6th Edition, with Source Code, commonly known as the Lions Book. Pic.


File:Nathan Jacobson.jpg|link=Nathan Jacobson (nonfiction)|1999: Mathematician [[Nathan Jacobson (nonfiction)|Nathan Jacobson]] dies. He conducted research on the structure theory of rings without finiteness conditions--a subject closely related to the theory of algebras--which transformed the approach to classical results and broke ground for solutions to problems inaccessible by previous methods.
File:Nathan Jacobson.jpg|link=Nathan Jacobson (nonfiction)|1999: Mathematician [[Nathan Jacobson (nonfiction)|Nathan Jacobson]] dies. He conducted research on the structure theory of rings without finiteness conditions--a subject closely related to the theory of algebras--which transformed the approach to classical results and broke ground for solutions to problems inaccessible by previous methods.


||2001 – Franco Rasetti, Italian-American physicist and academic (b. 1901)
||2000: Ghulam Dastagir Alam dies. He was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and professor of mathematics at the Quaid-e-Azam University. Alam is best known for conceiving and embarking the research on gas centrifuge project during the timeline of Pakistan's integrated atomic bomb project in the 1970s, and also conceived the research on Gauge theory and Gamma ray bursts throughout his career. No DOB. Pic.
 
||2001: Franco Dino Rasetti dies ... scientist who, together with Enrico Fermi, discovered key processes leading to nuclear fission. Rasetti refused to work on the Manhattan Project on moral grounds. Pic.
 
||2004: Seymour Ginsburg born ... pioneer of automata theory, formal language theory, and database theory, in particular; and computer science, in general. His work was influential in distinguishing theoretical Computer Science from the disciplines of Mathematics and Electrical Engineering. No pic online.
 
||2005: Claude Ambrose Rogers dies ... mathematician who worked in analysis and geometry. Pic.
 
File:George_Brecht.jpg|link=George Brecht (nonfiction)|2008: Chemist and composer [[George Brecht (nonfiction)|George Brecht]] dies. He was an American conceptual artist and avant-garde composer, as well as a professional chemist who worked as a consultant for companies including Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, and Mobil Oil.
 
||2009: Carel S. Scholten born ...  physicist and a pioneer of computing. Birthday missing. Pic: http://www-set.win.tue.nl/UnsungHeroes/heroes/scholten-loopstra.html


||2008 – George Brecht, American chemist and composer (b. 1926)
||2019: Engineer and inventor George Laurer dies. He held 25 patents and developed the Universal Product Code (UPC) in 1973. He devised the coding and pattern used for the UPC, based on Joe Woodland's more general idea for barcodes. Pic.


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Latest revision as of 17:03, 7 February 2022

  • 1708: Mathematician Seki Takakazu dies. He created a new algebraic notation system and, motivated by astronomical computations, did work on infinitesimal calculus and Diophantine equations. Seki laid foundations for the subsequent development of Japanese mathematics known as wasan; he has been described as "Japan's Newton".

    1708: Mathematician Seki Takakazu dies. He created a new algebraic notation system and, motivated by astronomical computations, did work on infinitesimal calculus and Diophantine equations. Seki laid foundations for the subsequent development of Japanese mathematics known as wasan; he has been described as "Japan's Newton".

  • 1859: Mathematician and physicist Louis Poinsot dies. Poinsot invented geometrical mechanics, showing how a system of forces acting on a rigid body can be resolved into a single force and a couple.

    1859: Mathematician and physicist Louis Poinsot dies. Poinsot invented geometrical mechanics, showing how a system of forces acting on a rigid body can be resolved into a single force and a couple.

  • 1872: The crewless American ship Mary Celeste is found by the Canadian brig Dei Gratia. The ship had been abandoned for nine days but was only slightly damaged.

    1872: The crewless American ship Mary Celeste is found by the Canadian brig Dei Gratia. The ship had been abandoned for nine days but was only slightly damaged.

  • 1901: Physicist and academic Werner Heisenberg born. He will introduce the uncertainty principle -- in quantum mechanics, any of a variety of mathematical inequalities asserting a fundamental limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties of a particle can be known.

    1901: Physicist and academic Werner Heisenberg born. He will introduce the uncertainty principle -- in quantum mechanics, any of a variety of mathematical inequalities asserting a fundamental limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties of a particle can be known.

  • 1932: German-born Swiss physicist Albert Einstein is granted an American visa.

    1932: German-born Swiss physicist Albert Einstein is granted an American visa.

  • 1953: American naval officer William Sterling "Deak" Parsons dues. Parsons served as an ordnance expert on the Manhattan Project during World War II.

    1953: American naval officer William Sterling "Deak" Parsons dues. Parsons served as an ordnance expert on the Manhattan Project during World War II.

  • 1999: Mathematician Nathan Jacobson dies. He conducted research on the structure theory of rings without finiteness conditions--a subject closely related to the theory of algebras--which transformed the approach to classical results and broke ground for solutions to problems inaccessible by previous methods.

    1999: Mathematician Nathan Jacobson dies. He conducted research on the structure theory of rings without finiteness conditions--a subject closely related to the theory of algebras--which transformed the approach to classical results and broke ground for solutions to problems inaccessible by previous methods.

  • 2008: Chemist and composer George Brecht dies. He was an American conceptual artist and avant-garde composer, as well as a professional chemist who worked as a consultant for companies including Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, and Mobil Oil.

    2008: Chemist and composer George Brecht dies. He was an American conceptual artist and avant-garde composer, as well as a professional chemist who worked as a consultant for companies including Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, and Mobil Oil.

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