Template:Selected anniversaries/September 18: Difference between revisions

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|File:Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão.jpg|link=Bartolomeu de Gusmão (nonfiction)|1701: Inventor and priest [[Bartolomeu de Gusmão (nonfiction)|Bartolomeu de Gusmão]]'s uses [[Gnomon algorithm]] to design improved [[Airship (nonfiction)|airship]].
|| *** DONE: Pics ***


||1709 – Samuel Johnson, English lexicographer and poet (d. 1784)
||53: Trajan born ... Roman emperor from 98 to 117. Officially declared by the Senate optimus princeps ("the best ruler"), Trajan is remembered as a successful soldier-emperor who presided over the greatest military expansion in Roman history, leading the empire to attain its maximum territorial extent by the time of his death. He is also known for his philanthropic rule, overseeing extensive public building programs and implementing social welfare policies, which earned him his enduring reputation as the second of the Five Good Emperors. Pic: bust.


File:Pieter van Musschenbroek.jpg|link=Pieter van Musschenbroek (nonfiction)|1751: Mathematician, astronomer, and crime-fighter [[Pieter van Musschenbroek (nonfiction)|Pieter van Musschenbroek]] uses a grid of Leyden jars to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
||1709: Samuel Johnson born ... lexicographer and poet. Pic.


||1752 – Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1833)
||1752: Adrien-Marie Legendre born ... mathematician and theorist. Pic (striking caricature).


File:Leonhard Euler.jpg|link=Leonhard Euler (nonfiction)|1783: Mathematician and physicist [[Leonhard Euler (nonfiction)|Leonhard Euler]] dies. He made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, and introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, such as the notion of a mathematical function.
File:Leonhard Euler.jpg|link=Leonhard Euler (nonfiction)|1783: Mathematician and physicist [[Leonhard Euler (nonfiction)|Leonhard Euler]] dies. He made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, and introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, such as the notion of a mathematical function.


||Justinus Andreas Christian Kerner (b. 18 September 1786) was a German poet, practicing physician, and medical writer.
||1786: Justinus Andreas Christian Kerner born ... poet, practicing physician, and medical writer ... gave the first detailed description of botulism. Pic.


||1809 – The Royal Opera House in London opens.
||1809: The Royal Opera House in London opens. Pic.


||1819 – Léon Foucault, French physicist and academic (d. 1868)
||1815: Henry C. Wayne born ... was a United States Army officer, and is known for his commanding the expedition to test the U.S. Camel Corps as part of Secretary of War Jefferson Davis's plan to use camels as a transport in the West. Wayne was also a Confederate adjutant and inspector-general for Georgia and a brigadier general during the American Civil War. Pic.


||Carl-Gustav Esseen (b. 18 September 1918) was a Swedish mathematician. His work was in the theory of probability. The Berry–Esseen theorem is named after him.
||1819: Léon Foucault born ... physicist and academic ... best known for his demonstration of the Foucault pendulum, a device demonstrating the effect of the Earth's rotation. He also made an early measurement of the speed of light, discovered eddy currents, and is credited with naming the gyroscope. Pic.


||1851 – First publication of The New-York Daily Times, which later becomes The New York Times.
||1918: Carl-Gustav Esseen born ... mathematician. His work was in the theory of probability. The Berry–Esseen theorem is named after him. Pic search.


||1860 – Joseph Locke, English engineer and politician (b. 1805)
||1921: Florence Marion Newman Trefethen born ... American codebreaker, historian of operations research, poet, and English professor. Pic daughter's blog, saved local: http://gwynedtrefethen.blogspot.com/2013/12/weekly-report-2013-1227.html


||1873 – Panic of 1873: The U.S. bank Jay Cooke & Company declares bankruptcy, triggering a series of bank failures.
||1924: Anthony Poshepny born ... CIA paramilitary officer in what is now called Special Activities Division (renamed Special Activities Center in 2016). He is best remembered for training the US-funded secret army in Laos during the Vietnam War. Pic search.


||1882 – The Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
||1851: First publication of The New-York Daily Times, which later becomes The New York Times.


|File:Wizard Jan Kochanowski.jpg|link=Jan_Kochanowski|1888: Poet and wizard [[Jan Kochanowski]] adapts [[Nebra sky disk (nonfiction)|Nebra sky disk]] for use as [[scrying engine]].
||1854: Richard Tetley Glazebrook born ... physicist who was the first director of the UK National Physical Laboratory, from 1 Jan 1900 until his retirement in Sep 1919. At first, the laboratory's income depended on much routine, commercial testing, but Glazebrook championed fundamental, industrially oriented research. With support from individual donors, buildings were added for electrical work, metrology, and engineering. Data useful to the shipbuilding industry was collected in pioneering experimental work on models of ships made possible by a tank funded by Alfred Yarrow (1908). From 1909, laboratory began work benefitting the embryonic aeronautics industry, at the request of the secretary of state for war. The lab to contributed substantially to military needs during WW I Pic: http://www.npl.co.uk/about/history/directors/sir-richard-tetley-glazebrook


||1896 – Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist and academic (b. 1819) Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau FRS FRSE MIF[clarification needed] (23 September 1819 – 18 September 1896) was a French physicist, best known for measuring the speed of light in the namesake Fizeau experiment.
||1860: Joseph Locke dies ... engineer and politician. Pic.


||1907 – Edwin McMillan, American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
||1873: Panic of 1873: The U.S. bank Jay Cooke & Company declares bankruptcy, triggering a series of bank failures.
 
||1882: The Pacific Stock Exchange opens. Pic.
 
||1891: William Ferrel dies ... meteorologist, developed theories which explained the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation cell in detail, and it is after him that the Ferrel cell is named. Pic.
 
||1892: James Bicheno Francis dies ... civil engineer, who invented the Francis turbine. Pic.
 
||1896: Hippolyte Fizeau dies ... physicist and academic ... best known for measuring the speed of light in the namesake Fizeau experiment. Pic.
 
||1907: Edwin McMillan born ... physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.


||1908: Victor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian born ... a Soviet Armenian scientist, and one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics. He worked in the field of physics of stars and nebulae, stellar astronomy, dynamics of stellar systems and cosmogony of stars and galaxies, and contributed to mathematical physics. Pic.
||1908: Victor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian born ... a Soviet Armenian scientist, and one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics. He worked in the field of physics of stars and nebulae, stellar astronomy, dynamics of stellar systems and cosmogony of stars and galaxies, and contributed to mathematical physics. Pic.


File:Einstein drumming.jpg|link=Albert Einstein|1913: Jazz drummer and theoretical physicist [[Albert Einstein]] performs at charity concert to benefit victims of [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
||1912: Frank Farmer born ... physicist, and a pioneer in the application of physics to medicine, particularly in relation to the practical aspects of cancer treatment by radiation. Pic search.
 
||1925: Victor L. Klee, Jr. born ... mathematician specialising in convex sets, functional analysis, analysis of algorithms, optimization, and combinatorics. Pic.
 
||1928: Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro crossing of the English Channel. Pic.


||Victor L. Klee, Jr. (b. September 18, 1925) was a mathematician specialising in convex sets, functional analysis, analysis of algorithms, optimization, and combinatorics. Pic.
||1929: Richard Grimsdale born ... electrical engineer and computer pioneer who helped to design the world's first transistorized computer. Pic: https://www.eg.org/wp/obituaries/


||1928 – Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro crossing of the English Channel.
||1931: The Mukden Incident gives Japan a pretext to invade and occupy Manchuria.


||1931 – The Mukden Incident gives Japan a pretext to invade and occupy Manchuria.
||1932: Nikolay Rukavishnikov born ... physicist and astronaut. Pic.


||1932 – Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Russian physicist and astronaut (d. 2002)
||1934: The USSR is admitted to the League of Nations.


||1934 – The USSR is admitted to the League of Nations.
||1939: Jan Camiel Willems born ... mathematician and theorist.  Pic search.


||1939 – Jan Camiel Willems, Belgian mathematician and theorist (d. 2013)
||1942: Logician and philosopher Kurt Grelling and his wife arrive at Auschwitz, where they are killed in gas chambers that day or soon thereafter. Pic.


||1947 – The National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency are established in the United States under the National Security Act.
File:National Security Act long title.jpg|link=National Security Act (nonfiction)|1947: The majority of the provisions of the [[National Security Act (nonfiction)|National Security Act]], which establishes The National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency, come into effect, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first Secretary of Defense.


||1951: Anthony John Clark born ...  an molecular biologist who was a founder of applying molecular technology to farm animals.  Tracy, born in 1990, was the first sheep to produce large quantities of human protein, making 35g of the alpha-1-antitrypsin (used in treatment of cystic fibrosis) in each litre of her milk.
||1951: Anthony John Clark born ...  an molecular biologist who was a founder of applying molecular technology to farm animals.  Tracy, born in 1990, was the first sheep to produce large quantities of human protein, making 35g of the alpha-1-antitrypsin (used in treatment of cystic fibrosis) in each litre of her milk. Pic.


||1959 – Vanguard 3 is launched into Earth orbit.
||1959: Vanguard 3 is launched into Earth orbit.


||1961 – U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld dies in a plane crash while attempting to negotiate peace in the war-torn Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
||1961: U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld dies in a plane crash while attempting to negotiate peace in the war-torn Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Pic.


File:John Douglas Cockcroft 1961.jpg|link=John Cockcroft (nonfiction)|1967: Physicist, academic, and Nobel Prize laureate [[John Cockcroft (nonfiction)|John Cockcroft]] dies. He was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.
File:John Douglas Cockcroft 1961.jpg|link=John Cockcroft (nonfiction)|1967: Physicist, academic, and Nobel Prize laureate [[John Cockcroft (nonfiction)|John Cockcroft]] dies. He was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.
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File:Voyager spacecraft diagram.png|link=Voyager 1 (nonfiction)|1977: [[Voyager 1 (nonfiction)|Voyager 1]] takes first photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.
File:Voyager spacecraft diagram.png|link=Voyager 1 (nonfiction)|1977: [[Voyager 1 (nonfiction)|Voyager 1]] takes first photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.


File:Florence Violet McKenzie in WESC uniform.jpg|link=Florence Violet McKenzie (nonfiction)|1978: Electrical engineer and crime-fighter [[Florence Violet McKenzie (nonfiction)|Florence Violet McKenzie]] publishes memoirs, reveals that she received messages from [[AESOP]] during the Second World War.
||1977: Paul Bernays dies ... mathematician and philosopher. Pic.


||1977 – Paul Bernays, English-Swiss mathematician and philosopher (b. 1888)
||1978: Rudolf Nebel dies ... spaceflight advocate active in Germany's amateur rocket group, the ''Verein für Raumschiffahrt'' (VfR – "Spaceflight Society") in the 1930s and in rebuilding German rocketry following World War II.  Pic search.


||Rudolf Nebel (d. 18 September 1978) was a spaceflight advocate active in Germany's amateur rocket group, the ''Verein für Raumschiffahrt'' (VfR – "Spaceflight Society") in the 1930s and in rebuilding German rocketry following World War II.
||1980: Kurt Alfred Georg Mendelssohn dies ... medical physicist. Pic.


||Kurt Alfred Georg Mendelssohn FRS (d. 18 September 1980) was a German-born British medical physicist. Pic.
||1980: Soyuz 38 carries two cosmonauts (including one Cuban) to Salyut 6 space station.


||1980 – Soyuz 38 carries two cosmonauts (including one Cuban) to Salyut 6 space station.
||1984: Joe Kittinger completes the first solo balloon crossing of the Atlantic. (Alive September 2019.) Pic.


||1984 – Joe Kittinger completes the first solo balloon crossing of the Atlantic.
||1997: United States media magnate Ted Turner donates US$1 billion to the United Nations. Pic.


|File:Hello, world in C.svg|link="Hello World!" program (nonfiction)|1993: [["Hello World!" program (nonfiction)|"Hello World" computer program]] learning [[scrying engine]] techniques from poet and wizard [[Jan Kochanowski]].  
||2001: First mailing of anthrax letters from Trenton, New Jersey in the 2001 anthrax attacks.


||1997 – United States media magnate Ted Turner donates US$1 billion to the United Nations.
||2014: Richard F. Arenstorf born ... mathematician who discovered a stable orbit between the Earth and the Moon, called an Arenstorf Orbit, which was the basis of the orbit used by the Apollo Program for going to the Moon. Pic.


||2001 – First mailing of anthrax letters from Trenton, New Jersey in the 2001 anthrax attacks.
||2016: Wolfhart Zimmermann dies ... theoretical physicist. Pic: http://wwwth.mpp.mpg.de/conf/zimmermann-memorial/


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Latest revision as of 13:01, 7 February 2022

  • 1783: Mathematician and physicist Leonhard Euler dies. He made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, and introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, such as the notion of a mathematical function.

    1783: Mathematician and physicist Leonhard Euler dies. He made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, and introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, such as the notion of a mathematical function.

  • 1947: The majority of the provisions of the National Security Act, which establishes The National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency, come into effect, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first Secretary of Defense.

    1947: The majority of the provisions of the National Security Act, which establishes The National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency, come into effect, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first Secretary of Defense.

  • 1967: Physicist, academic, and Nobel Prize laureate John Cockcroft dies. He was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.

    1967: Physicist, academic, and Nobel Prize laureate John Cockcroft dies. He was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.

  • 1976: Public servant and alleged time-traveller The Custodian tells a funny story about why you can't go in there.

    1976: Public servant and alleged time-traveller The Custodian tells a funny story about why you can't go in there.

  • 1977: Voyager 1 takes first photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.

    1977: Voyager 1 takes first photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.

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