Template:Selected anniversaries/August 21: Difference between revisions

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File:Hubert Gautier.jpg|link=Hubert Gautier (nonfiction)|1660: Mathematician and engineer [[Hubert Gautier (nonfiction)|Hubert Gautier]] born. Gautier will write several published works on engineering, civil engineering and geology.  
File:Hubert Gautier.jpg|link=Hubert Gautier (nonfiction)|1660: Mathematician and engineer [[Hubert Gautier (nonfiction)|Hubert Gautier]] born. Gautier will write several published works on engineering, civil engineering and geology.  


||1665 – Giacomo F. Maraldi, French-Italian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1729)
||1665: Giacomo F. Maraldi born ... astronomer and mathematician.


||1754 – William Murdoch, Scottish engineer and inventor, created gas lighting (d. 1839)
||1754: William Murdoch born ... engineer and inventor, created gas lighting.


||1762: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu dies ... was an English aristocrat, letter writer and poet. Lady Mary is today chiefly remembered for her letters, particularly her letters from travels to the Ottoman Empire, as wife to the British ambassador to Turkey, which have been described by Billie Melman as "the very first example of a secular work by a woman about the Muslim Orient". Aside from her writing, Lady Mary is also known for introducing and advocating for smallpox inoculation to Britain after her return from Turkey.  Pic.
||1762: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu dies ... was an English aristocrat, letter writer and poet. Lady Mary is today chiefly remembered for her letters, particularly her letters from travels to the Ottoman Empire, as wife to the British ambassador to Turkey, which have been described by Billie Melman as "the very first example of a secular work by a woman about the Muslim Orient". Aside from her writing, Lady Mary is also known for introducing and advocating for smallpox inoculation to Britain after her return from Turkey.  Pic.


||1789 – Augustin-Louis Cauchy, French mathematician and academic (d. 1857)
||1789: Augustin-Louis Cauchy born ... mathematician and academic.


||1814 – Benjamin Thompson, American-English physicist and colonel (b. 1753)
||1813: Jean Servais Stas born ... chemist, notable for his accurate determinations of atomic weights. He had worked under the direction of Dumas, with whom he established the atomic weight of carbon. Stas worked assiduously to make more accurate measurements of other atomic weights than had ever been done before. Stas wished to prove the hypothesis of Joseph Proust, that all atoms were conglomerations of hydrogen atoms, though this could not be achieved. Stas was probably the most skillful chemical analyst of the nineteenth century. Pic.


||Charles Frédéric Gerhardt (b. 21 August 1816) was a French chemist.
||1814: Benjamin Thompson dies ... physicist and colonel.
 
||1816: Charles Frédéric Gerhardt born ... chemist.


||1826: Karl Gegenbaur born ... anatomist and professor who demonstrated that the field of comparative anatomy offers important evidence supporting of the theory of evolution. From studies in embryology, he asserted that all eggs are simple cells (1861) as suggested earlier by Schwann (1838). Pic.
||1826: Karl Gegenbaur born ... anatomist and professor who demonstrated that the field of comparative anatomy offers important evidence supporting of the theory of evolution. From studies in embryology, he asserted that all eggs are simple cells (1861) as suggested earlier by Schwann (1838). Pic.


||1836 – Claude-Louis Navier, French physicist and engineer (b. 1785)
||1836: Claude-Louis Navier dies ... physicist and engineer.


|File:Wizard Jan Kochanowski.jpg|link=Jan_Kochanowski|1872: Poet and wizard [[Jan Kochanowski]] adapts [[Nebra sky disk (nonfiction)|Nebra sky disk]] for use as [[scrying engine]].
|File:Wizard Jan Kochanowski.jpg|link=Jan_Kochanowski|1872: Poet and wizard [[Jan Kochanowski]] adapts [[Nebra sky disk (nonfiction)|Nebra sky disk]] for use as [[scrying engine]].


||1888 – The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs.
||1888: The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs.


||1909 – Nikolay Bogolyubov, Russian mathematician and physicist (d. 1992). Pic. His method of teaching, based on creation of a warm atmosphere, politeness and kindness, is famous in Russia and is known as the "Bogoliubov approach".
||1901: Edward Copson born ... mathematician known for his studies in classical analysis, differential and integral equations, and their use in mathematical physics. After graduating from Oxford University with a B.A. degree in 1922, he moved to Scotland where he spent the nearly all of his career. His first book, The Theory of Functions of a Complex Variable (1935) was immediately successful. He was a co-author for his next book, The Mathematical Theory of Huygens' Principle (1939). By 1975, he had published four more books, on asymptotic expansions, metric spaces and partial differential equations. Many of the papers he wrote bridged mathematics and physics, of which his last showed his interest in astrophysics, Electrostatics in a Gravitational Field (1978) which was relevant to Black Holes. Pic: https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Thomas_Copson


||1911 – The Mona Lisa is stolen by a Louvre employee.
||1909: Nikolay Bogolyubov born ... mathematician and physicist. Pic. His method of teaching, based on creation of a warm atmosphere, politeness and kindness, is famous in Russia and is known as the "Bogoliubov approach".


||Bruria Kaufman (b. August 21, 1918) was an Israeli theoretical physicist. She is known for contributions to Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, to statistical physics, where she used applied spinor analysis to rederive the result of Lars Onsager on the partition function of the two-dimensional Ising Model, and to the study of the Mössbauer effect, on which she collaborated with John von Neumann and Harry Lipkin. Pic.
File:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.png|link=Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (nonfiction)|1910: Astrophysicist, astronomer, and mathematician [[Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (nonfiction)|Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar]] dies. He shared the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics "for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars".  


||William Burnside (d. 21 August 1927) was an English mathematician. He is known mostly as an early researcher in the theory of finite groups.
||1911: The Mona Lisa is stolen by a Louvre employee.


||Leon Lichtenstein (d. 21 August 1933) was a Polish-German mathematician, who made contributions to the areas of differential equations, conformal mapping, and potential theory. He was also interested in theoretical physics, publishing research in hydrodynamics and astronomy.
||1918: Bruria Kaufman born ... theoretical physicist. She is known for contributions to Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, to statistical physics, where she used applied spinor analysis to rederive the result of Lars Onsager on the partition function of the two-dimensional Ising Model, and to the study of the Mössbauer effect, on which she collaborated with John von Neumann and Harry Lipkin. Pic.
 
||1927: William Burnside dies ... mathematician. He is known mostly as an early researcher in the theory of finite groups.
 
||1933: Leon Lichtenstein dies ... mathematician, who made contributions to the areas of differential equations, conformal mapping, and potential theory. He was also interested in theoretical physics, publishing research in hydrodynamics and astronomy.


File:Baron Zersetzung.jpg|link=Baron Zersetzung|1944: [[Extract of Radium]] distributor and alleged crime boss [[Baron Zersetzung]] programs the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory to fatally irradiate physicist and crime-fighter [[Harry Daghlian (nonfiction)|Harry Daghlian]].
File:Baron Zersetzung.jpg|link=Baron Zersetzung|1944: [[Extract of Radium]] distributor and alleged crime boss [[Baron Zersetzung]] programs the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory to fatally irradiate physicist and crime-fighter [[Harry Daghlian (nonfiction)|Harry Daghlian]].
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File:The Custodian.jpg|link=The Custodian|1945: [[The Custodian]] stops [[Baron Zersetzung]] from stealing the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
File:The Custodian.jpg|link=The Custodian|1945: [[The Custodian]] stops [[Baron Zersetzung]] from stealing the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory.


||1957 – The Soviet Union successfully conducts a long-range test flight of the R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile.
||1957: The Soviet Union successfully conducts a long-range test flight of the R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile.
 
||1901: Edward Copson born ... mathematician known for his studies in classical analysis, differential and integral equations, and their use in mathematical physics. After graduating from Oxford University with a B.A. degree in 1922, he moved to Scotland where he spent the nearly all of his career. His first book, The Theory of Functions of a Complex Variable (1935) was immediately successful. He was a co-author for his next book, The Mathematical Theory of Huygens' Principle (1939). By 1975, he had published four more books, on asymptotic expansions, metric spaces and partial differential equations. Many of the papers he wrote bridged mathematics and physics, of which his last showed his interest in astrophysics, Electrostatics in a Gravitational Field (1978) which was relevant to Black Holes. Pic: https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Thomas_Copson


File:Mars Observer diagram.png|link=Mars Observer (nonfiction)|1993: NASA loses contact with the [[Mars Observer (nonfiction)|Mars Observer]].
File:Mars Observer diagram.png|link=Mars Observer (nonfiction)|1993: NASA loses contact with the [[Mars Observer (nonfiction)|Mars Observer]].
File:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.png|link=Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (nonfiction)|1910: Astrophysicist, astronomer, and mathematician [[Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (nonfiction)|Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar]] dies. He shared the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics "for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars".


||1986: A limnic eruption at Lake Nyos in northwestern Cameroon kills 1,746 people and some 3,500 livestock.
||1986: A limnic eruption at Lake Nyos in northwestern Cameroon kills 1,746 people and some 3,500 livestock.
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File:Richard Smalley.jpg|link=Richard Smalley (nonfiction)|1995: [[Richard Smalley (nonfiction)|Richard Smalley]] uses carbon nanotubes to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
File:Richard Smalley.jpg|link=Richard Smalley (nonfiction)|1995: [[Richard Smalley (nonfiction)|Richard Smalley]] uses carbon nanotubes to detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].


||2012 – William Thurston, American mathematician and academic (b. 1946) He was a pioneer in the field of low-dimensional topology. In 1982, he was awarded the Fields Medal for his contributions to the study of 3-manifolds.  
||2012: William Thurston born ... mathematician and academic ... a pioneer in the field of low-dimensional topology. In 1982, he was awarded the Fields Medal for his contributions to the study of 3-manifolds.  


||2017 – Great American Eclipse traverses the continental United States.
||2017: Great American Eclipse traverses the continental United States.


File:Dennis_Paulson_of_Mars.jpg|link=Dennis Paulson of Mars|2017: ''[[Dennis Paulson of Mars]]'' broadcasts a minute of silence in recognition of the twenty-fourth anniversary of the loss of the [[Mars Observer (nonfiction)|Mars Observer]].
File:Dennis_Paulson_of_Mars.jpg|link=Dennis Paulson of Mars|2017: ''[[Dennis Paulson of Mars]]'' broadcasts a minute of silence in recognition of the twenty-fourth anniversary of the loss of the [[Mars Observer (nonfiction)|Mars Observer]].


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Revision as of 16:48, 16 August 2018

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