Snippets (math and computing)

Things to use or delete. See Snippets.

Lotka–Volterra equations

The Lotka–Volterra equations, also known as the predator–prey equations, are a pair of first-order nonlinear differential equations, frequently used to describe the dynamics of biological systems in which two species interact, one as a predator and the other as prey. The populations change through time according to the pair of equations.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotka%E2%80%93Volterra_equations

Klee–Minty cube

The Klee–Minty cube or Klee–Minty polytope (named after Victor Klee and George J. Minty (de)) is a unit hypercube of variable dimension whose corners have been perturbed. Klee and Minty demonstrated that George Dantzig's simplex algorithm has poor worst-case performance when initialized at one corner of their "squashed cube".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klee%E2%80%93Minty_cube

Browser machine learning

http://www.infoworld.com/article/3212884/machine-learning/machine-learning-comes-to-your-browser-via-javascript.html

https://tenso.rs/

http://www.infoworld.com/article/3216464/machine-learning/googles-deeplearnjs-brings-machine-learning-to-the-browser.html

Divergent series

Les séries divergentes sont en général quelque chose de bien fatal et c’est une honte qu’on ose y fonder aucune démonstration. ("Divergent series are in general something fatal, and it is a disgrace to base any proof on them." Often translated as "Divergent series are an invention of the devil …") N. H. Abel, letter to Holmboe, January 1826, reprinted in volume 2 of his collected papers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergent_series

Fuzzing

Fuzzing or fuzz testing is an automated software testing technique that involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data as inputs to a computer program.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzing

Sturmian word

In mathematics, a Sturmian word (Sturmian sequence or billiard sequence), named after Jacques Charles François Sturm, is a certain kind of infinitely long sequence of characters. Such a sequence can be generated by considering a game of English billiards on a square table. The struck ball will successively hit the vertical and horizontal edges labelled 0 and 1 generating a sequence of letters. This sequence is a Sturmian word.

Bathtub curve

The bathtub curve is widely used in reliability engineering. It describes a particular form of the hazard function which comprises three parts:

• The first part is a decreasing failure rate, known as early failures.
• The second part is a constant failure rate, known as random failures.
• The third part is an increasing failure rate, known as wear-out failures.

The name is derived from the cross-sectional shape of a bathtub: steep sides and a flat bottom.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathtub_curve

Slack variable

Slack variable: In an optimization problem, a slack variable is a variable that is added to an inequality constraint to transform it into an equality. Introducing a slack variable replaces an inequality constraint with an equality constraint and a non-negativity constraint on the slack variable.

Impossible Puzzle

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum_and_Product_Puzzle

Sorting algorithms

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPRA0W1kECg

"The Talk" (quantum computing)

• https://www.smbc-comics.com/comic/the-talk-3