Oliver Cromwell (nonfiction)

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Oliver Cromwell. Portrait by Samuel Cooper.

Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Cromwell was born into the middle gentry, albeit to a family descended from the sister of King Henry VIII's minister Thomas Cromwell.

Little is known of the first 40 years of his life as only four of his personal letters survive alongside a summary of a speech he delivered in 1628.

He became an Independent Puritan after undergoing a religious conversion in the 1630s, taking a generally tolerant view towards the many Protestant sects of his period. He was an intensely religious man, a self-styled Puritan Moses, and he fervently believed that God was guiding his victories.

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