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| File:Michel de Montaigne.jpg|link=Michel de Montaigne (nonfiction)|1533: Philosopher and author [[Michel de Montaigne (nonfiction)|Michel de Montaigne]] born. He will be one of the most significant philosophers of the French Renaissance, known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre. | | File:Michel de Montaigne.jpg|link=Michel de Montaigne (nonfiction)|1533: Philosopher and author [[Michel de Montaigne (nonfiction)|Michel de Montaigne]] born. He will be one of the most significant philosophers of the French Renaissance, known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre. |
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| ||1535: Cornelius Gemma born ... astronomer and astrologer. Pic.
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| File:Jost Bürgi.jpg|link=Jost Bürgi (nonfiction)|1552: Clockmaker and mathematician [[Jost Bürgi (nonfiction)|Jost Bürgi]] born. He will be recognized during his own lifetime as one of the most excellent mechanical engineers of his generation. | | File:Jost Bürgi.jpg|link=Jost Bürgi (nonfiction)|1552: Clockmaker and mathematician [[Jost Bürgi (nonfiction)|Jost Bürgi]] born. He will be recognized during his own lifetime as one of the most excellent mechanical engineers of his generation. |
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| ||1675: Guillaume Delisle born ... cartographer. Pic.
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| ||1683: René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur born ... entomologist and writer who contributed to many different fields, especially the study of insects. He introduced the Réaumur temperature scale. Pic.
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| ||1691: Joseph Moxon dies ... hydrographer to Charles II, was an English printer specialising in mathematical books and maps, a maker of globes and mathematical instruments, and mathematical lexicographer. He produced the first English language dictionary devoted to mathematics, and the first detailed instructional manual for printers. In November 1678, he became the first tradesman to be elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society. Pic.
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| ||1704: Louis Godin born ... astronomer and academic. Pic.
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| ||1735: Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde born ... mathematician, musician and chemist who worked with Bézout and Lavoisier; his name is now principally associated with determinant theory in mathematics. Pic: http://serge.mehl.free.fr/chrono/Vandermonde.html
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| ||1742: Willem Jacob 's Gravesande dies ... mathematician and natural philosopher, chiefly remembered for developing experimental demonstrations of the laws of classical mechanics. As professor of mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy at Leiden University, he helped to propagate Isaac Newton's ideas in Continental Europe. Pic.
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| ||1743: René Just Haüy born ... priest and mineralogist, commonly styled the Abbé Haüy after he was made an honorary canon of Notre Dame. Due to his innovative work on crystal structure and his four-volume ''Traité de Minéralogie'' (1801), he is often referred to as the "Father of Modern Crystallography". During the French revolution he also helped to establish the metric system. Pic.
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| ||1792: Karl Ernst von Baer born ... naturalist, biologist, geologist, meteorologist, geographer, and a founding father of embryology. He was a pioneer in studying biological time – the perception of time in different organisms. Pic.
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| ||1820: Dr William Bird born ... surgeon and chemist known for his discovery of Herapathite. Pic search.
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| ||1825: Joseph Thomas Clover born ... doctor and pioneer of anaesthesia. He invented a variety of pieces of apparatus to deliver anaesthetics including ether and chloroform safely and controllably. By 1871 he had administered anaesthetics 13,000 times without a fatality. Pic.
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| ||1838: Maurice Lévy born ... mathematician and engineer. He contributed to total strain theory ... "the directions of increments of principal strains coincide with those of the principal stresses" and that was also the first attempt of using an incremental flow rule. Pic.
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| ||1844: A gun on USS ''Princeton'' explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing six people, including two United States Cabinet members.
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| ||1849: Regular steamboat service from the west to the east coast of the United States begins with the arrival of the SS ''California'' in San Francisco Bay, four months 22 days after leaving New York Harbor.
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| ||1875: Goldsworthy Gurney dies ... surgeon, chemist, lecturer, consultant, architect, builder. He was a prototypical British gentleman scientist and inventor of the Victorian era. Pic.
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| ||1930: Florian Cajori dies ... historian of mathematics. His ''A History of Mathematics'' (1894) was the first popular presentation of the history of mathematics in the United States; even today his 1928–1929 ''History of Mathematical Notations'' has been described as "unsurpassed". Pic.
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| ||1859: Manuel John Johnson dies ... astronomer. He made the first successful measurement of a stellar parallax, though not to the first publication thereof. Pic search book cover.
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| ||1878: Pierre Fatou born ... mathematician and astronomer. Pic.
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| ||1882: John Thomas Romney Robinson dies ... astronomer and physicist. He was the longtime director of the Armagh Astronomical Observatory, one of the chief astronomical observatories in the UK of its time. Robinson will invent the 4-cup anemometer. Pic.
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| ||1885: The American Telephone and Telegraph Company is incorporated in New York as the subsidiary of American Bell Telephone. (American Bell would later merge with its subsidiary.)
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| ||1900: Wolf Hirth born ... German pilot and engineer, co-founded Schempp-Hirth. Pic (cool aero).
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| File:Linus Pauling.jpg|link=Linus Pauling (nonfiction)|1901: Chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, and educator [[Linus Pauling (nonfiction)|Linus Pauling]] born. | | File:Linus Pauling.jpg|link=Linus Pauling (nonfiction)|1901: Chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, and educator [[Linus Pauling (nonfiction)|Linus Pauling]] born. |
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| ||1906: Gangster Bugsy Siegel born. Pic.
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| ||1907: Cartoonist Milton Caniff born. ''Terry and the Pirates'', ''Steve Cannon''. Pic.
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| ||1915: Peter Medawar born ... biologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
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| ||1921: Pierre Clostermann born ... pilot, engineer, military officer, and author. Pic.
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| ||1925: Richard Dalitz born ... physicist known for his work in particle physics. Dalitz's thesis demonstrating that the electrically neutral pion could decay into a photon and an electron-positron pair, now known as a Dalitz pair. In addition, he is known for other key developments in particle physics: the Dalitz plot and the Castillejo–Dalitz–Dyson (CDD) poles. Pic search.
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| ||1925: The Charlevoix-Kamouraska earthquake strikes northeastern North America.
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| ||1929: Clemens von Pirquet dies ... physician and immunologist. He noticed that patients who had previously received injections of horse serum or smallpox vaccine had quicker, more severe reactions to a second injection. He, along with Béla Schick, coined the word ''allergy'' to describe this hypersensitivity reaction. Pic.
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| ||1925: Mathematician Louis Nirenberg born ... made fundamental contributions to linear and nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) and their application to complex analysis and geometry. Pic.
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| ||1932: Guillaume Bigourdan dies ... astronomer and academic. Pic.
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| ||1933: Gleichschaltung: The Reichstag Fire Decree is passed in Germany a day after the Reichstag fire.
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| ||1935: Gustav Ritter von Escherich dies ... mathematician. Pic: https://austria-forum.org/af/Biographien/Escherich%2C_Gustav_von
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| ||1935: DuPont scientist Wallace Carothers invents nylon.
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| ||1936: Charles Nicolle dies ... French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate, typhus. Pic (cool tech).
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| ||1939: The erroneous word "dord" is discovered in the Webster's New International Dictionary, Second Edition, prompting an investigation.
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| ||1948: Michael John Caldwell Gordon born ... computer scientist. He led the development of the HOL theorem prover. The HOL system is an environment for interactive theorem proving in a higher-order logic. Pic.
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| ||1953: James Watson and Francis Crick announce to friends that they have determined the chemical structure of DNA; the formal announcement takes place on April 25 following publication in April's Nature (pub. April 2). Pics.
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| ||1954: The first color television sets using the NTSC standard are offered for sale to the general public.
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| ||1956: Frigyes Riesz dies ... mathematician who made fundamental contributions to functional analysis. Pic.
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| 1958 RAF Greenham Common accident (no image)|link=1958 RAF Greenham Common accident|[[1958 RAF Greenham Common accident]]: a B-47E of the 310th Bomb Wing developed problems shortly after takeoff and jettisoned its two 1,700 gallon external fuel tanks. They missed their designated safe impact area, and one hit a hangar while the other struck the ground 65 feet (20 m) behind a parked B-47E. The parked plane, which was fuelled, had a pilot on board, and was carrying a 1.1 megaton (4.6 PJ) B28 nuclear bomb, was engulfed by flames. The conflagration took sixteen hours and over a million gallons of water to extinguish, partly because of the magnesium alloys used in the aircraft. Although two men were killed and eight injured, the US and UK governments kept the accident secret: as late as 1985, the British government claimed that a taxiing aircraft had struck a parked one and that no fire was involved. Two scientists, F. H. Cripps and A. Stimson, who both worked for the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment at Aldermaston, stated in a secret 1961 report, released by the CND in 1996, that the fire detonated the high explosives in the nuclear weapon, that plutonium and uranium oxides were spread over a wide area (foliage up to 8 mi (13 km) away was contaminated with uranium-235) and that they had discovered high concentrations of radioactive contamination around the air base.[4] However, a radiological survey commissioned in 1997 by Newbury District Council and Basingstoke and Deane found no evidence of a nuclear accident at Greenham Common, suggesting that Cripps and Stimson's statements were false.
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| ||1959: Discoverer 1, an American spy satellite that is the first object intended to achieve a polar orbit, is launched but fails to achieve orbit.
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| ||1960: Teiji Takagi dies ... mathematician, best known for proving the Takagi existence theorem in class field theory. The Blancmange curve, the graph of a nowhere-differentiable but uniformly continuous function, is also called the Takagi curve after his work on it. Pic.
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| ||1966: The 1966 NASA T-38 crash occurred when a NASA Northrop T-38 Talon crashed at Lambert Field in St. Louis, Missouri, on February 28, 1966, killing two Project Gemini astronauts, Elliot See and Charles Bassett. The aircraft, piloted by See, crashed into the McDonnell Aircraft building where their Gemini 9 spacecraft was being assembled. The weather was poor with rain, snow, fog, and low clouds. A NASA panel, headed by the Chief of the Astronaut Office, Alan Shepard, investigated the crash. While the panel considered possible medical issues or aircraft maintenance problems, in addition to the weather and air traffic control factors, the end verdict was that the crash was caused by pilot error. Pic.
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| ||1988: Cartoonist Milton Caniff dies. ''Terry and the Pirates'', ''Steve Cannon''. Pic.
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| ||1993: The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents raid the Branch Davidian church in Waco, Texas with a warrant to arrest the group's leader David Koresh. Four ATF agents and six Davidians die in the initial raid, starting a 51-day standoff.
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| ||1996: Bruno von Freytag-Löringhoff dies ... philosopher, mathematician and epistemologist. He was also a university lecturer at the University of Tübingen. During World War II, Freytag-Löringhoff worked as a mathematician in the In 7/VI, that was the signals intelligence agency of the Wehrmacht and worked with Fritz Menzer on the testing of cryptographic devices and procedures. Freytag-Löringhoff worked specifically on the testing of the m-40 cipher machine. His most important contributions to the history of logic and mathematics was his studies and descriptions from 1957, of the calculating machine, built by Wilhelm Schickard. Pic.
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| ||1997: GRB 970228, a highly luminous flash of gamma rays, strikes the Earth for 80 seconds, providing early evidence that gamma-ray bursts occur well beyond the Milky Way.
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| ||1998: First flight of RQ-4 Global Hawk, the first unmanned aerial vehicle certified to file its own flight plans and fly regularly in U.S. civilian airspace.
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| ||2006: Owen Chamberlain dies ... physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
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| ||2010: Chushiro Hayashi dies ... astrophysicist. He will perform the astrophysical calculations that will lead to the Hayashi tracks of star formation, and the Hayashi limit that puts a limit on star radius. Pic: https://www.kyotoprize.org/en/laureates/chushiro_hayashi/
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| ||2013: Donald A. Glaser dies ... physicist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate. Bubble chamber. Pic.
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| ||2014: Lee Lorch dies ... mathematician and activist. Pic search.
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| </gallery> | | </gallery> |
