Template:Selected anniversaries/August 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:04, 7 February 2022

1827: Poet, painter, and printmaker William Blake dies. Largely unrecognized during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. Although Blake was considered mad by contemporaries for his idiosyncratic views, he is held in high regard by later critics for his expressiveness and creativity, and for the philosophical and mystical undercurrents within his work.
1863: Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley arrives at Charleston, South Carolina by rail. A pioneering vessel, Hunley will later played a small part in the American Civil War, revealing the advantages and the dangers of undersea warfare.
1865: Surgeon and scientist Joseph Lister performs the first antiseptic surgery, using carbolic acid (phenol) as a disinfectant.
1887: Physicist and academic Erwin Schrödinger born. He will be awarded the 1933 Nobel Prize for Physics for the formulation of the Schrödinger equation.
1989: Physicist and inventor William Shockley dies. He shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the point-contact transistor.
2005: The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is launched. MRO contains a host of scientific instruments such as cameras, spectrometers, and radar, which will be used to analyze the landforms, stratigraphy, minerals, and ice of Mars.
2017: Dennis Paulson of Mars celebrates the twelfth anniversary of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter launch.

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-||1452 – Abraham Zacuto, Jewish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian (d. 1515)
+|| *** DONE: Pics ***
-||1624 – The president of Louis XIII of France's royal council is arrested, leaving Cardinal Richelieu in the role of the King's principal minister.
+||1452: Abraham Zacuto born ... astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian ... Pic REVIEW Wikipedia: page, tables. Pic not Wikipedia: https://alchetron.com/Abraham-Zacuto
-||1810 – Étienne Louis Geoffroy, French pharmacist and entomologist (b. 1725)
+||1624: The president of Louis XIII of France's royal council is arrested, leaving Cardinal Richelieu in the role of the King's principal minister.
-File:William Blake by John Flaxman c1804.jpg|link=William Blake (nonfiction)|1827: Poet, painter, and printmaker [[William Blake (nonfiction)|William Blake]] dies.
+||1810: Étienne Louis Geoffroy dies ... pharmacist and entomologist. Pic: page of insects.
-||Johann Christian Martin Bartels (12 August 1769 – 20 December [O.S. 7 December] 1836) was a German mathematician. He was the tutor of Carl Friedrich Gauss in Brunswick and the educator of Lobachevsky at the University of Kazan.
+File:William Blake by John Flaxman c1804.jpg|link=William Blake (nonfiction)|1827: Poet, painter, and printmaker [[William Blake (nonfiction)|William Blake]] dies. Largely unrecognized during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. Although Blake was considered mad by contemporaries for his idiosyncratic views, he is held in high regard by later critics for his expressiveness and creativity, and for the philosophical and mystical undercurrents within his work.
-||1848 – George Stephenson, English engineer and academic (b. 1781)
+||1769: Johann Christian Martin Bartels born ... mathematician. He was the tutor of Carl Friedrich Gauss in Brunswick and the educator of Lobachevsky at the University of Kazan. Pic.
-||1851 – Isaac Singer is granted a patent for his sewing machine.
+||1831: Helena Blavatsky born ... mystic and author. Pic.
-||1861 – Eliphalet Remington, American inventor and businessman, founded Remington Arms (b. 1793)
+||1848: George Stephenson dies ... engineer and academic. Pic.
-File:Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley.jpg|link=H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|1863: Confederate submarine [[H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|H. L. Hunley]] arrives at Charleston, South Carolina by rail.
+||1851: Isaac Singer is granted a patent for his sewing machine. Pic.
-||1865 – Joseph Lister, British surgeon and scientist, performs 1st antiseptic surgery.
+||1857: William Daniel Conybeare born ... geologist, palaeontologist and clergyman. He is probably best known for his ground-breaking work on marine reptile fossils in the 1820s, including important papers for the Geological Society of London on ichthyosaur anatomy and the first published scientific description of a plesiosaur. Pic.
-||1885 – Jean Cabannes, French physicist and academic (d. 1959)
+||1861: Eliphalet Remington dies ... inventor and businessman, founded Remington Arms. Pic.
+File:Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley.jpg|link=H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|1863: Confederate submarine ''[[H. L. Hunley (nonfiction)|H. L. Hunley]]'' arrives at Charleston, South Carolina by rail. A pioneering vessel, ''Hunley'' will later played a small part in the American Civil War, revealing the advantages and the dangers of undersea warfare.
+File:Joseph Lister 1902.jpg|link=Joseph Lister (nonfiction)|1865: Surgeon and scientist [[Joseph Lister (nonfiction)|Joseph Lister]] performs the first antiseptic surgery, using carbolic acid (phenol) as a disinfectant.
+||1885: Jean Cabannes born ... physicist and academic. Pic search maybe: https://www.google.com/search?q="jean+cabannes"+physics
 File:Erwin Schrödinger (1933).jpg|link=Erwin Schrödinger (nonfiction)|1887: Physicist and academic [[Erwin Schrödinger (nonfiction)|Erwin Schrödinger]] born. He will be awarded the 1933 Nobel Prize for Physics for the formulation of the Schrödinger equation.
-||Prof Hubert Anson Newton FRS HFRSE LLD (d. 12 August 1896), usually cited as H. A. Newton, was an American astronomer and mathematician, noted for his research on meteors.
+||1888: Bertha Benz, wife of inventor Karl Benz, made the first motor tour. Without her husband's knowledge, she borrowed one of his cars and with their teenage sons travelled 180 km to visit relatives for 5 days. She drove her sons, Richard and Eugen, 14 and 15 years old, in Benz's newly-constructed “Patent Motorwagen” automobile from Mannheim to Pforzheim She thus became the first person to drive an automobile over more than just a very short distance. This was a distance of more than 106 km (more than fifty miles). Distances traveled before this trip were short and merely trials with mechanical assistants. Pic.
+||1896:  Hubert Anson Newton, usually cited as H. A. Newton, was an American astronomer and mathematician, noted for his research on meteors. Pic.
+||1900: Wilhelm Steinitz dies ... chess player and theoretician. Pic.
+||1900: James Edward Keeler dies ... was an American astronomer was an American astronomer who confirmed Maxwell's theory that the rings of Saturn were not solid (requiring uniform rotation), but composed of meteoric particles (with rotational velocity given by Kepler's 3rd law). His spectrogram of 9 Apr 1895 of the rings of Saturn showed the Doppler shift indicating variation of radial velocity along the slit. At the age of 21, he observed the solar eclipse of Jul 1878, with the Naval Observatory expedition to Colorado. He directed the Allegheny Observatory (1891-8) and the Lick Observatory from 1898, where, working with the Crossley reflector, he observed large numbers of nebulae whose existence had never before been suspected. Pic.
+||1901: Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld dies ... botanist, geologist, mineralogist, and explorer. Pic.
+||1906: Tedd Pierce born ... animator, producer, and screenwriter. Pic seach yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=tedd+pierce
+||1908: Ian Fleming born ... English spy, journalist, and author. Pic.
+||1914: John Philip Holland dies ... engineer who developed the first submarine to be formally commissioned by the US Navy, and the first Royal Navy submarine, ''Holland 1''. Pic.
-||1900 – Wilhelm Steinitz, Austrian chess player and theoretician (b. 1836)
+||1919: Margaret Burbidge astrophysicist and academic born. (Alive March 2019.)
-||1901 – Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, Finnish-Swedish botanist, geologist, mineralogist, and explorer (b. 1832)
+||1919: Vikram Sarabhai born ... physicist and academic, Father Indian space program. Pic.
-||1906 – Tedd Pierce, American animator, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1972)
+||1920: Karl Hermann Struve dies ... astronomer. In Russian, his name is sometimes given as German Ottovich Struve (Герман Оттович Струве) or German Ottonovich Struve (Герман Оттонович Струве). Herman Struve was a part of the famous group of astronomers from the Struve family, which also included his grandfather Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, father Otto Wilhelm von Struve, brother Ludwig Struve and nephew Otto Struve. Unlike other astronomers of the Struve family, Herman spent most of his career in Germany. Continuing the family tradition, Struve's research was focused on determining the positions of stellar objects. He was particularly known for his work on satellites of planets of the Solar System and development of the intersatellite method of correcting their orbital position. The mathematical Struve function is named after him. Pic.
-||1914 – John Philip Holland, Irish engineer, designed the HMS Holland 1 (b. 1840)
+||1923: Boris Isaac Korenblum born ... mathematician, specializing in mathematical analysis. Pic.
-||1919 – Margaret Burbidge, English-American astrophysicist and academic
+||1924: August Otto Föppl dies ... professor of Technical Mechanics and Graphical Statics at the Technical University of Munich, Germany. He is credited with introducing the Föppl–Klammer theory and the Föppl–von Kármán equations (large deflection of elastic plates). Pic.
-||1919 – Vikram Sarabhai, Indian physicist and academic (d. 1971)
+||1925: George Wetherill born ... physicist and academic. He contributed to high-precision geochronology, radiometric chronology of meteorite and lunar samples, and numerical techniques for predicting the physical and orbital properties of terrestrial planets. Pic search tech: https://www.google.com/search?q=George+Wetherill
-||August Otto Föppl (d. 12 August 1924)[1] was a professor of Technical Mechanics and Graphical Statics at the Technical University of Munich, Germany. He is credited with introducing the Föppl–Klammer theory and the Föppl–von Kármán equations (large deflection of elastic plates).
+||1927: Carl P. Pulfrich dies ...  physicist, noted for advancements in optics made as a researcher for the Carl Zeiss company in Jena around 1880, and for documenting the Pulfrich effect, a psycho-optical phenomenon that can be used to create a type of 3-D visual effect. Pic.
-||1925 – George Wetherill, American physicist and academic (d. 2006)
+||1935: Friedrich Schottky dies ... mathematician and academic. Pic.
-||1935 – Friedrich Schottky, German mathematician and academic (b. 1851)
+||1935: Leigh Van Valen born ... evolutionary biologist. At the time of his death, he was professor emeritus in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at the University of Chicago. Pic.
-||Leigh Van Valen (b. August 12, 1935) was an U.S. evolutionary biologist. At the time of his death, he was professor emeritus in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at the University of Chicago.
+||1942: David Peter Robbins born ... mathematician. He is most famous for introducing alternating sign matrices. He is also known for his work on generalizations of Heron's formula on the area of polygons, due to which Robbins pentagons (cyclic pentagons with integer side lengths and areas) were named after him. Pic: https://www.maa.org/news/maa-establishes-a-prize-to-honor-david-robbins
-File:George Ellery Hale.jpg|link=George Ellery Hale (nonfiction)|1937: Astronomer and crime-fighter [[George Ellery Hale (nonfiction)|George Ellery Hale]] publishes new class of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]], based on magnetic fields in sunspots, which detect and prevent [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
+||1944: The first fuel-carrying PLUTO (Pipe-Line Under The Ocean) under the English Channel became operational supplying fuel from the Isle of Wight to Cherbourg for vehicles of the Allied forces in France. This over 70 mile pipe was laid in just 10 hours, and is one of the greatest feats of military engineering. The scheme was developed by A.C. Hartley, chief engineer with the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, from an idea by Admiral Louis Mountbatten to relieve dependence on vulnerable oil tankers. Prototypes of the pipeline were tested at several locations starting in May 1942. Britain and the U.S. then produced sufficient pipe to eventually lay 18 pipelines between England and France pumping 781 million litres of fuel by VE day.
-||1952 – The Night of the Murdered Poets: Thirteen prominent Jewish intellectuals are murdered in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union.
+||1946: Alfred Stock dies ... a German inorganic chemist. He did pioneering research on the hydrides of boron and silicon, coordination chemistry, mercury, and mercury poisoning. The German Chemical Society's Alfred-Stock Memorial Prize is named after him. Pic.
-||1953 – The first testing of a real thermonuclear weapon (not test devices): The Soviet atomic bomb project continues with the detonation of "RDS-6s" (Joe 4), the first Soviet thermonuclear bomb.
+||1952: The Night of the Murdered Poets: Thirteen prominent Jewish intellectuals are murdered in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union.
-||1955 – James B. Sumner, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
+||1953: The Soviet Union detonated its first hydrogen bomb, in Kazakhstan. Eight days later, the USSR published (20 Aug 1953) news of the H-bomb test. The explosion, with a yield of 400 kilotons (about 30 times the power of the bomb dropped on Japan, 6 Aug 1945), came less than 10 months after the first U.S. bomb test, Mike, (1 Nov 1952) announced by President Harry Truman on 7 Jan 1953. Notably, the Soviet bomb was more portable than the U.S. device—small enough to fit in a plane, and be easily weaponizeable, though its size limited the amount of thermonuclear fuel and explosive force. It had their own “layer cake” design of lithium-6 deuteride and tritium fuel layered with uranium. The American test was designed for greater explosive power.
-||George Braxton Pegram (d. August 12, 1958) was an American physicist who played a key role in the technical administration of the Manhattan Project.
+||1955: James B. Sumner dies ... chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
-||1960 – Echo 1A, NASA's first successful communications satellite, is launched.
+||1958: George B. Pegram dies ... physicist who played a key role in the technical administration of the Manhattan Project. Pic.
-||1964 – Ian Fleming, English spy, journalist, and author (b. 1908)
+||1960: The U.S. launched the first telecommunications satellite, Echo 1, from Cape Canaveral, packed in a Thor-Delta rocket. At the altitude for low Earth orbit, above almost all of the Earth's atmosphere, the satellite was deployed and inflated with gas at low pressure to form a 100-ft (30.5-m) diameter spherical balloon made of metallized Mylar, 0.5 mils (12.7-μm) thick. Thus it is known as a balloon satellite, as originally conceived by William J. O'Sullivan (26 Jan 1956). Its orbit was at about 1,000 miles (1600-km). It was merely passive, to reflect microwave signals between points on Earth, similar to the way the Moon reflects light while the Sun is below the horizon. A commemorative stamp was issued 15 Dec 1960. Echo 1 remained in orbit until 24 May 1968. Telstar 1 followed 10 Jul 1962.
-||1973 – Walter Rudolf Hess, Swiss physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
+||1964: Ian Fleming dies ... English spy, journalist, and author. Pic.
-||1973 – Karl Ziegler, German chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
+||1973: Walter Rudolf Hess dies ... physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
-||1977 – The first free flight of the Space Shuttle Enterprise.
+||1973: Karl Ziegler dies ... chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
-||Gregor Wentzel (d. August 12, 1978) was a German physicist known for development of quantum mechanics. Wentzel, Hendrik Kramers, and Léon Brillouin developed the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation in 1926. In his early years, he contributed to X-ray spectroscopy, but then broadened out to make contributions to quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics, and meson theory.
+||1977: The first free flight of the Space Shuttle Enterprise.
-||1979 – Ernst Boris Chain, German-Irish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
+||1978: Fritz Laves dies ... crystallographer who served as the president of the German Mineralogical Society from 1956 to 1958. He is the namesake of Laves phases and the Laves tilings; the Laves graph, a highly-symmetrical three-dimensional crystal structure that he studied, was named after him. Pic.
-||1981 – The IBM Personal Computer is released.
+||1978: Gregor Wentzel dies ... physicist known for development of quantum mechanics. Wentzel, Hendrik Kramers, and Léon Brillouin developed the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation in 1926. In his early years, he contributed to X-ray spectroscopy, but then broadened out to make contributions to quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics, and meson theory. Pic search yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=gregor+wentzel
+||1978: The ISEE-3 (International Sun-Earth Explorer) was launched. After completing its original mission in 1982, it was renamed the International Cometary Explorer (ICE) when it was gravitationally manuvuered to intercept the comet P/Giacobini-Zinner. On 11 Sep 1985, it flew relatively unscathed through the gas tail of that comet P/Giacobini-Zinner, at a speed of 21 km/sec at its closed approach of some 7,800-km downstream from the nucleus. The probe found a region of interacting cometary and solar wind ions, and encountered a comet plasma tail about 25,000 km wide. Water and carbon monoxide ions were also identified, which confirmed the “dirty snowball” theory proposed by Fred Whipple (1950).
+||1979: Ernst Boris Chain dies ... biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
+||1981: The IBM Personal Computer is released.
 File:William Shockley.jpg|link=William Shockley (nonfiction)|1989: Physicist and inventor [[William Shockley (nonfiction)|William Shockley]] dies. He shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the [[Point-contact transistor (nonfiction)|point-contact transistor]].
-||1990 – Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus Rex skeleton found to date, is discovered by Sue Hendrickson in South Dakota.
+||1990: Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus Rex skeleton found to date, is discovered by Sue Hendrickson in South Dakota.
+||1996: Victor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian dies ... a Soviet Armenian scientist, and one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics. He worked in the field of physics of stars and nebulae, stellar astronomy, dynamics of stellar systems and cosmogony of stars and galaxies, and contributed to mathematical physics. Pic.
-||1996 – Victor Ambartsumian, Georgian-Armenian astrophysicist and academic (b. 1908)
+||2000: The Russian Navy submarine ''Kursk'' explodes and sinks in the Barents Sea during a military exercise, killing her entire 118-man crew.
-File:Vera Rubin.jpg|link=Vera Rubin (nonfiction)|1996: Astronomer and crime-fighter [[Vera Rubin (nonfiction)|Vera Rubin]] computes the discrepancy between the predicted angular motion of galaxies and the observed motion, makes contact with [[AESOP]].
+||2004: Godfrey Hounsfield dies ... biophysicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate. Pic.
-||2000 – The Russian Navy submarine Kursk explodes and sinks in the Barents Sea during a military exercise, killing her entire 118-man crew.
+||2004: Anthony John Clark dies ... molecular biologist who was a founder of applying molecular technology to farm animals.  Tracy, born in 1990, was the first sheep to produce large quantities of human protein, making 35g of the alpha-1-antitrypsin (used in treatment of cystic fibrosis) in each litre of her milk. Pic.
-||2004 – Godfrey Hounsfield, English biophysicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1919)
+File:Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter.jpg|link=Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (nonfiction)|2005: The ''[[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (nonfiction)|Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter]]'' (MRO) is launched. MRO contains a host of scientific instruments such as cameras, spectrometers, and radar, which will be used to analyze the landforms, stratigraphy, minerals, and ice of Mars.
-File:Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter.jpg|link=Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (nonfiction)|2005: The ''[[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (nonfiction)|Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter]]'' launched.
+||2015: Jaakko Hintikka dies ... philosopher and logician. Hintikka is regarded as the founder of formal epistemic logic and of game semantics for logic. Pic.
 File:Dennis_Paulson_of_Mars.jpg|link=Dennis Paulson of Mars|2017: ''[[Dennis Paulson of Mars]]'' celebrates the twelfth anniversary of the ''[[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (nonfiction)|Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter]]'' launch.
-File:AESOP.jpg|link=AESOP|2017: [[AESOP]] re-broadcasts 1996 conversation with astronomer and crime-fighter [[Vera Rubin (nonfiction)|Vera Rubin]] about the discrepancy between the predicted angular motion of galaxies and the observed motion.
-|File:Malady.jpg|link=Malady|2017:  Steganographic analysis of illustration of alleged supervillain [[Malady]] reveals terabytes of encrypted data, thought to be medical data stolen during [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
 </gallery>

Template:Selected anniversaries/August 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:04, 7 February 2022

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