Template:Selected anniversaries/February 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:54, 26 January 2022

1912: Mathematician and logician Hans Hermes born. Hermes will contribute to the foundations of mathematical logic, and pioneer the concept of the Turing machine as a measure of predictability.
1914: Mathematician and academic Hanna Neumann born. Neumann will contribute to group theory, co-authoring the important paper Wreath products and varieties of groups (with her husband Bernhard and eldest son Peter), and authoring the influential book Varieties of Groups (1967).
1916: Mathematician, philosopher, and academic Richard Dedekind dies. Dedekind made important contributions to abstract algebra (particularly ring theory), algebraic number theory and the definition of the real numbers.
1935: Physicist and engineer Robert Van de Graaff receives a patent for his Electrostatic Generator design (U.S. No. 1,991,236), able to generate direct-current voltages much higher than the 700,000-V which was the state of the art at the time using other methods.
1947: Chemist and academic Moses Gomberg dies. Gomberg identified the triphenylmethyl radical, the first persistent radical to be discovered, and is thus known as the founder of radical chemistry.
1959: Singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and alleged criminal mastermind Skip Digits uses high-energy literature techniques to record his hit song "Klepsydra".
1960: Mathematician and statistician Oskar Anderson dies. Anderson made important contributions to mathematical statistics and econometrics.
1961: Spacecraft Venera 1 launched. Venera will become the first man-made object to fly-by another planet by passing Venus (although it will lose contact with Earth and not send back any data).
1994: Mathematical physicist Charles Critchfield dies. Critchfield worked on the Manhattan Project, designing and testing the "Urchin" neutron initiator which provided the burst of neutrons that kick-started the nuclear detonation of the Fat Man weapon.

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 <gallery>
-||AD 41 – Britannicus, Roman son of Claudius (d. 55)
+|| *** DONE: Pics ***
+|| *** DONE: Pat's Blog ***
-||1538 – Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter, engraver, and architect (b. 1480)
+||1538: Albrecht Altdorfer dies ... painter, engraver, and architect. No DOB. Pic.
-||1612 – Jodocus Hondius, Flemish cartographer (b. 1563)
+||1535: During the night of February 12–13 Tartaglia discovered a method of solving cubic equations that enables him to beat Fiore in a contest. [B. L. van der Waerden in the ﬁlm, “The Great Art: Solving Equations”] *VFR https://pballew.blogspot.com/2019/02/on-this-day-in-math-february-12.html Pic.
-||1624 – George Heriot, Scottish goldsmith and philanthropist, founded George Heriot's School (b. 1563)
+||1612: Jodocus Hondius dies ... cartographer. Pic.
-||1665 – Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (d. 1721)
+||1624: George Heriot dies ... goldsmith and philanthropist, founded George Heriot's School. Pic.
-File:Rudjer Boskovic.jpg|link=Roger Joseph Boscovich (nonfiction)|1767: Polymath [[Roger Joseph Boscovich (nonfiction)|Roger Joseph Boscovich]] publishes new class of [[Gnomon algorithm functions]] which detect and prevent a cross-linked set of crimes against [[Crimes against physical constants|physics]], [[Crimes against astronomical constants|astronomy]], and [[Crimes against mathematical constants|mathematics]].
+||1637: Jan Swammerdam born ... biologist and microscopist. His work on insects demonstrated that the various phases during the life of an insect—egg, larva, pupa, and adult—are different forms of the same animal.  Pic.
-||1785 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist and chemist (d. 1838)
+||1665: Rudolf Jakob Camerarius born ... botanist and physician ... one of the first workers to perform experiments in heredity. He contributed particularly toward establishing sexual differentiation in plants by identifying and defining the male (anther) and female (pistil) reproductive parts of the plant and also by describing their function in fertilization. He showed that pollen is required for this process. Pic.
-||1788 – Carl Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (d. 1869)
+||1685: George Hadley born ... lawyer and amateur meteorologist who proposed the atmospheric mechanism by which the trade winds are sustained, which is now named in his honour as Hadley circulation.  No pic online.
-||1794 – Alexander Petrov, Russian chess player and composer (d. 1867)
+||1785: Pierre Louis Dulong born ... physicist and chemist. Pic.
-||1804 – Immanuel Kant, German anthropologist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1724)
+||1788: Carl Reichenbach born ... chemist and philosopher. Pic.
-||1804 – Heinrich Lenz, German-Italian physicist and academic (d. 1865)
+||1794: Alexander Petrov born ... chess player and composer. Pic.
-||1809 – Charles Darwin, English geologist and theorist (d. 1882)
+||1804: Immanuel Kant dies ... anthropologist, philosopher, and academic. Pic.
-||James Dwight Dana FRS FRSE (b. February 12, 1813) was an American geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of mountain-building, volcanic activity, and the origin and structure of continents and oceans around the world. Pic.
+||1804: Heinrich Lenz (Emil Lenz) born ... physicist and academic. Pic.
-||1851 – Edward Hargraves announces he has found gold in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, starting the Australian gold rushes.
+||1809: Charles Darwin born ... geologist and theorist. Pic.
-||1861 – Lou Andreas-Salomé, Russian-German psychoanalyst and author (d. 1937)
+||1813: James Dwight Dana born ... geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of mountain-building, volcanic activity, and the origin and structure of continents and oceans around the world. Pic.
-||1877 – Louis Renault, French engineer and businessman, co-founded Renault (d. 1944)
+||1826: Lobachevsky delivered a paper before the mathematics and physics departments of Kazan University on his “imaginary geometry.” He died on this same date in Kazan in 1856. *H. E. Wolfe. Introduction to Non-Euclidean Geometry, p. 53–56;  Lobachevsky ﬁrst announced his principles of non-Euclidean geometry. This was done in a talk at his home University of Kazan. Unfortunately no record of the talk survives. *VFR https://pballew.blogspot.com/2019/02/on-this-day-in-math-february-12.html
-||Max Bergmann (b. 12 February 1886) was a Jewish-German biochemist. He was the first to use the Carboxybenzyl protecting group for the synthesis of oligopeptides.
+||1831: A solar eclipse was visible across much of the United States.  This eclipse was instrumental in a slave uprising led by Nat Turner. He witnessed this eclipse and took it as a sign from God to begin an insurrection against slave holders. https://pballew.blogspot.com/2019/02/on-this-day-in-math-february-12.html
-||Enrico Bompiani (b. 12 February 1889) was an Italian mathematician, specializing in differential geometry.
+||1841: Astley Paston Cooper, 1st Baronet dies ... surgeon and anatomist, who made historical contributions to otology, vascular surgery, the anatomy and pathology of the mammary glands and testicles, and the pathology and surgery of hernia. Pic.
-||Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert (b. 12 February 1893) was a Dutch astronomer of Belgian origin. He will be a pioneer of solar research, specializing in spectroscopy and the study of stellar atmospheres. Minnaert was also interested in bubbles and musical nature of the sounds made by running water (see Minnaert resonance).  Pic.
+||1851: Edward Hargraves announces he has found gold in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia, starting the Australian gold rushes. Pic: grand painting. Edward Hammond Hargraves (7 October 1816 – 29 October 1891).
-||1897 – Lincoln LaPaz, American astronomer and academic (d. 1985)
+||1857: Meteorologist William Charles Redfield dies ... known for his observation of the directionality of winds in hurricanes (being among the first to propose that hurricanes are large circular vortexes (John Farrar had made similar observations six years earlier) ... He was the first president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1843). Pic.
-||1908 – Jean Effel, French painter, caricaturist, illustrator and journalist (d. 1982)
+||1861: Lou Andreas-Salomé born ... psychoanalyst and author. Pic.
-||1908 – Jacques Herbrand, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1931)
+||1877: Louis Renault born ... engineer and businessman, co-founded Renault. Pic.
-File:Richard Dedekind.jpg|link=Richard Dedekind (nonfiction)|1916: Mathematician, philosopher, and academic [[Richard Dedekind (nonfiction)|Richard Dedekind]] dies. He made important contributions to abstract algebra (particularly ring theory), algebraic number theory and the definition of the real numbers.
+||1886: Max Bergmann born ... biochemist. He was the first to use the Carboxybenzyl protecting group for the synthesis of oligopeptides. Pic search.
-||1918 – Julian Schwinger, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994) Julian Seymour Schwinger (February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was a Nobel Prize winning American theoretical physicist. He is best known for his work on the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED), in particular for developing a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and for renormalizing QED to one loop order.
+||1889: Enrico Bompiani born ... mathematician, specializing in differential geometry. Pic.
-||1935 – USS Macon, one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sinks.
+||1893: Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert born ... astronomer of Belgian origin. He will be a pioneer of solar research, specializing in spectroscopy and the study of stellar atmospheres. Minnaert was also interested in bubbles and musical nature of the sounds made by running water (see Minnaert resonance).  Pic.
-File:Tunguska-Preservation-TV.jpg|link=Tunguska Event Preservation Society|1946: [[Tunguska Event Preservation Society]] pledge drive meet goal, raises enough computational power to re-create the [[Tunguska event (nonfiction)|original event]].
+||1897: Lincoln LaPaz born ... astronomer and academic, meteor study pioneer. Pic search.
-||1946 – World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
+||1903: Chemist and academic Stephen Brunauer born. He resigned from his position with the U.S. Navy during the McCarthy era, when he found it impossible to refute anonymous charges that he was disloyal to the U.S. Pic search.
-||1947 – Moses Gomberg, Ukrainian-American chemist and academic (b. 1866)
+||1905: Harold Stanley Ruse born ... mathematician, noteworthy for the development of the concept of locally harmonic spaces. Pic search.
-||1947 – The largest observed iron meteorite until that time creates an impact crater in Sikhote-Alin, in the Soviet Union.
+||1908: Jean Effel born ... painter, caricaturist, illustrator and journalist. Pic search.
-File:Moses Gomberg.jpg|link=Moses Gomberg (nonfiction)|1947: Chemist [[Moses Gomberg (nonfiction)|Moses Gomberg]] dies. He  identified the triphenylmethyl radical, the first persistent radical to be discovered, and is thus known as the founder of radical chemistry.
+||1908: Jacques Herbrand born ... mathematician and philosopher. He worked in mathematical logic and class field theory. He introduced recursive functions. Herbrand's theorem refers to either of two completely different theorems. One is a result from his doctoral thesis in proof theory, and the other one half of the Herbrand–Ribet theorem. Pic.
-||Dirk Coster (d. February 12, 1950), was a Dutch physicist.
+||1909: Sigmund Rascher dies ... German physician - SS deadly experiments. Pic search.
-||1958 – Douglas Hartree, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1897)
+File:Hans Hermes.jpg|link=Hans Hermes (nonfiction)|1912: Mathematician and logician [[Hans Hermes (nonfiction)|Hans Hermes]] born.  Hermes will contribute to the foundations of mathematical logic, and pioneer the concept of the Turing machine as a measure of predictability.
-File:Skip Digits.jpg|link=Skip Digits|1959: Singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and alleged criminal mastermind [[Skip Digits]] uses [[high-energy literature]] techniques to record his hit song "[[Clepsydra]]".
+File:Hanna Neumann.jpg|link=Hanna Neumann (nonfiction)|1914: Mathematician and academic [[Hanna Neumann (nonfiction)|Hanna Neumann]] born. Neumann will contribute to [[Group theory (nonfiction)|group theory]], co-authoring the important paper ''Wreath products and varieties of groups'' (with her husband Bernhard and eldest son Peter), and authoring the influential book ''Varieties of Groups'' (1967).
-File:Oskar_Anderson.jpg|link=Oskar Anderson (nonfiction)|1960: Mathematician and statistician [[Oskar Anderson (nonfiction)|Oskar Anderson]] dies. He made important contributions to mathematical statistics and econometrics.
+File:Richard Dedekind.jpg|link=Richard Dedekind (nonfiction)|1916: Mathematician, philosopher, and academic [[Richard Dedekind (nonfiction)|Richard Dedekind]] dies. Dedekind made important contributions to abstract algebra (particularly ring theory), algebraic number theory and the definition of the real numbers.
-File:Venera 1.jpg|link=Venera 1 (nonfiction)|1961: Spacecraft [[Venera 1 (nonfiction)|Venera 1]] launched. It will become the first man-made object to fly-by another planet by passing Venus (although it will lose contact with Earth and not send back any data).
+||1918: Julian Schwinger, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate born ... best known for his work on the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED), in particular for developing a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and for renormalizing QED to one loop order.  Pic.
-||1974 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970, is exiled from the Soviet Union.
+||1921: Kathleen Antonelli born ... computer programmer and one of the six original programmers of the ENIAC, one of the first general-purpose electronic digital computers. Pic.
-||Ebenezer Cunningham (d. 12 February 1977) was a British mathematician who is remembered for his research and exposition at the dawn of special relativity.
+||1928: Edwin Albert Power born ... physicist and an emeritus professor of applied mathematics. He made several contributions to the field of non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics (NRQED). Pic.
-||Carl Einar Hille (12 February 1980) was an American mathematics professor and scholar. Hille authored or coauthored twelve books mathematical books and a number of mathematical papers
+||1929: Mathematician and academic Alexei Kostrikin born. He will specialize in algebra and algebraic geometry, making important contributions to the Burnside problem; he also wrote widely used textbooks. Pic search.
-File:Cherenkov high-energy literature test reactor.jpg|link=High-energy literature|1983: [[High-energy literature]] research project accidentally releases new class of [[crimes against mathematical constants]].
+||1935: USS ''Macon'', one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sinks.
-File:Charles Critchfield ID badge.gif|link=Charles Critchfield (nonfiction)|1994: Mathematical physicist [[Charles Critchfield (nonfiction)|Charles Critchfield]] dies. He worked on the Manhattan Project, designing and testing the "Urchin" neutron initiator which provided the burst of neutrons that kick-started the nuclear detonation of the Fat Man weapon.
+File:Robert J. Van de Graaff.jpg|link=Robert J. Van de Graaff (nonfiction)|1935: Physicist and engineer [[Robert J. Van de Graaff (nonfiction)|Robert Van de Graaff]] receives a patent for his Electrostatic Generator design (U.S. No. 1,991,236), able to generate direct-current voltages much higher than the 700,000-V which was the state of the art at the time using other methods.
-||1994 – Four thieves break into the National Gallery of Norway and steal Edvard Munch's iconic painting The Scream.
+||1935: Physicist and engineer Robert Watson-Watt submitted the idea for Radar to the Air Ministry in a secret memo, "Detection and location of aircraft by radio methods" . The method would be tested on Feb 26 in a field just off the present day A5 in Northamptonshire near the village of Upper Stowe. Watson-Watt received a patent on his device on April 2. Pic.
-||2000 – Charles M. Schulz, American cartoonist, created Peanuts (b. 1922)
+||1936: Fang Lizhi born ... Chinese astrophysicist and activist whose liberal ideas inspired the pro-democracy student movement of 1986–87 and, finally, the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. Pic.
-||Herbert Ellis Robbins (d. February 12, 2001) was an American mathematician and statistician. He did research in topology, measure theory, statistics, and a variety of other fields. The Robbins lemma, used in empirical Bayes methods, is named after him. Robbins algebras are named after him because of a conjecture (since proved) that he posed concerning Boolean algebras. The Robbins theorem, in graph theory, is also named after him, as is the Whitney–Robbins synthesis, a tool he introduced to prove this theorem.  Pic.
+||1939: S. P. L. Sørensen dies ... chemist and academic ... famous for the introduction of the concept of pH, a scale for measuring acidity and alkalinity. Pic.
-||2001 – NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touches down in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros, becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
+||1946: World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
-File:Green Tangle.jpg|link=Green Tangle (nonfiction)|2016: Steganographic analysis of ''[[Green Tangle (nonfiction)|Green Tangle]]'' reveals "at least three terabytes" of encrypted data "probably related to [[high-energy literature]]."
+||1947: The largest observed iron meteorite until that time creates an impact crater in Sikhote-Alin, in the Soviet Union.
+File:Moses Gomberg.jpg|link=Moses Gomberg (nonfiction)|1947: Chemist and academic [[Moses Gomberg (nonfiction)|Moses Gomberg]] dies. Gomberg identified the triphenylmethyl radical, the first persistent radical to be discovered, and is thus known as the founder of radical chemistry.
+||1950: Dirk Coster dies ... physicist. He is known as the co-discoverer of Hafnium (Hf) (element 72) in 1923, along with George de Hevesy, by means of X-ray spectroscopic analysis of zirconium ore. Pic.
+||1955: Baikonur Cosmodrome authorized. Pic.
+||1958: Douglas Hartree dies ... mathematician and physicist ... development of numerical analysis and its application to the Hartree-Fock equations of atomic physics and the construction of the meccano differential analyzer. Pic.
+File:Skip Digits.jpg|link=Skip Digits|1959: Singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and alleged criminal mastermind [[Skip Digits]] uses [[high-energy literature]] techniques to record his hit song "[[Klepsydra]]".
+File:Oskar_Anderson.jpg|link=Oskar Anderson (nonfiction)|1960: Mathematician and statistician [[Oskar Anderson (nonfiction)|Oskar Anderson]] dies. Anderson made important contributions to mathematical statistics and econometrics.
+File:Venera 1.jpg|link=Venera 1 (nonfiction)|1961: Spacecraft [[Venera 1 (nonfiction)|Venera 1]] launched. Venera will become the first man-made object to fly-by another planet by passing Venus (although it will lose contact with Earth and not send back any data).
+||1972: Tedd Pierce dies ... animator, producer, and screenwriter. Pic seach yes: https://www.google.com/search?q=tedd+pierce
+||1974: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970, is exiled from the Soviet Union. Pic.
+||1977: Ebenezer Cunningham dies ... mathematician who is remembered for his research and exposition at the dawn of special relativity. Pic search.
+||1980: Carl Einar Hille dies ... mathematics professor and scholar. Hille authored or coauthored twelve books mathematical books and a number of mathematical papers. Pic.
+File:Charles Critchfield ID badge.png|link=Charles Critchfield (nonfiction)|1994: Mathematical physicist [[Charles Critchfield (nonfiction)|Charles Critchfield]] dies. Critchfield worked on the Manhattan Project, designing and testing the "Urchin" neutron initiator which provided the burst of neutrons that kick-started the nuclear detonation of the Fat Man weapon.
+||1994: Four thieves break into the National Gallery of Norway and steal Edvard Munch's iconic painting ''The Scream''.
+||1996: Lawrence Christian Biedenharn, Jr. dies ... theoretical nuclear physicist and mathematical physicist, a leading expert on applications of Lie group theory to physics. Biedenharn studied at MIT with an interruption in World War II from 1942 to 1946 as a lieutenant in the Signal Corps in the Pacific theater, where in 1946 he was stationed in Tokyo for a year as a radio officer. He received his bachelor's degree in absentia from MIT. Pic search.
+||2000: Charles M. Schulz dies ... cartoonist, created Peanuts. Pic.
+||2001: Herbert Robbins dies ... mathematician and statistician. He did research in topology, measure theory, statistics, and a variety of other fields. The Robbins lemma, used in empirical Bayes methods, is named after him. Robbins algebras are named after him because of a conjecture (since proved) that he posed concerning Boolean algebras. The Robbins theorem, in graph theory, is also named after him, as is the Whitney–Robbins synthesis, a tool he introduced to prove this theorem.  Pic.
+||2001: NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touches down in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros, becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
+||2009: Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak dies ... mathematician and academic known for her work in balanced incomplete block designs, bivariegated graphs, graceful graphs, graph equations and frequency partitions. Pic search.
+||2015: John Piña Craven dies ... scientist who was known for his involvement with Bayesian search theory and the recovery of lost objects at sea.  Pic: https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/john-p-craven-scientist-who-directed-top-secret-navy-projects-dies-at-90/2015/02/21/50083a20-b935-11e4-a200-c008a01a6692_story.html?utm_term=.78975b0baaa4
+||2017: Ren Xinmin dies ... rocket scientist. Pic search.
-||2017 – Ren Xinmin, Chinese rocket scientist (b. 1915)
 </gallery>

Template:Selected anniversaries/February 12: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:54, 26 January 2022

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